HIV/AIDS Flashcards
What is HIV
HIV is an Enveloped Positive
sense RNA virus of genus
lentivirus belonging to the family
Retroviridae
Enzymes for HIV
a) Reverse Transcriptase
b) Integrase
c) Protease
d) Endonuclease
Factors that increase the risk of
transmission:
High maternal viral load
Advanced maternal HIV
disease
Primary maternal HIV
infection
Concomitant maternal genital
infection including
chorioamionitis
Premature birth
Prolonged rupture of
membranes
Factors that decrease risk of
transmission
Undetectable maternal viral
load
Cesarean section
Adherence to maternal ARV
therapy and infant post exposure prophylaxis.
Clinical features
Early symptoms of HIV infection
Failure to thrive
Thrombocytopenia
Reccurrent infections such as
otitis media, pneumonia and
sinusitis
Lymphadenopathy
Parotitis
Recurrent, difficult-to-treat
thrush
Loss of developmental
milestones
Severe varicella infection or
zoster
HIV prevalence rate in Zambia
11.1%
What is the 90/90/90
90% of those with HIV know their status
# 90% of those diagnosed are on ART
# 90% of those on ART are virally suppressed
HIV subtype found in Zambia
Subtype C
A well, breastfed HIV Exposed Infant should have a NAT done at:
Birth, 6 weeks, 6 months and 9 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months
What is the AZT drug and it’s class
Zidovudine/ Retrovir/ Azidothymidine
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI)
What is the drug 3TC and it’s class
Lamivudine
(NRTI)
What is the drug NVP and it’s class
Nevirapine
Non nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI)
Entry inhibitor drugs
Enfuvitide (fusion inhibitor)
# Maraviroc (Co receptor antagonist)
Protease Inhibitor
Ritonavir
Lopinavir
Darunavir
Intergrase strand transfer Inhibitor (INSTI)
Dolutegravir
