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I3 Exam 3 > HIV > Flashcards

HIV Flashcards

1
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma (HHV8 related)

Lymphoma (EBV-related non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, primary CNS lymphoma)

Cervical cancer (HPV-related)

Squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum (HPV-related)

A

Secondary malignancies related with HIV

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2
Q

Wasting syndrome
Thrombocytopenia
Renal disease
cardiomyopathy

A

manifestations of HIV infection

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3
Q

characteristic codon mutations conferring resistance

A

genotypic resistance

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4
Q

ability of the virus to grow in vitro in the presence of different concentrations of antiretroviral

A

phenotypic resistance

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5
Q

lack of clinical or virologic benefit in an individual patient

A

clinical resistance

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6
Q

oropharyngeal infection
Candida albicans
White plaques that involve the soft and hard palate, tonsils, and esophagus
Diagnosed by exam and KOH smears

A

oral candidiasis

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7
Q

Appears as raised, white lesions on lateral aspect of the tongue
Caused by EBV and disposed by exam or biopsy

A

oral leukoplakia

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8
Q

oropharyngeal infection
HSV 1 and 2 cause small painful ulcers on an erythematous base
CMV causes larger, shallow ulcers
Aphthous stomatitis appear as ulcerations with an exudative base
Definitive diagnosis with culture/biopsy; EM for CMV

A

oral ulcers

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9
Q

Genital lesions can coalesce and form large ulcers that can become secondarily infected with bacteria
Infections may be complicated by radiculomyelitis and proctitis
Diagnosed by culture

A

HSV cutaneous infection

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10
Q

Recurrent dermatomal outbreaks as well as disseminated disease can occur
Diagnoses made by culture

A

VZV cutaneous infection

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11
Q

cutaneous infection

Small, flesh-colored, umbilicated lesions caused by a poxvirus

A

Molluscum contagiosum

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12
Q

cutaneous infection
Bartonella henselase and Bartonella quitana
Cutaneous (raised, violaceous) and visceral disease

A

bacillary angiomatosis

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13
Q

ocular infection
Progressive visual loss, floaters
Funduscopic exam reveals coalescing white exudates with surrounding hemorrhage and edema
Retinitis without treatment results in retinal detachment and visual loss

A

CMV retinitis

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14
Q

Recurrent bacterial infections due to strep pneumo, H. flu, S. aureus. Mycobacterial infections and fungal infections with Histoplasma, Coccidioides, Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus

A

pulmonary infections with HIV

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15
Q

Pneumocystic jiroveci
Fever, cough, progressively worsening dyspnea
Reduced O2 and CO2 levels, CXR shows diffuse interstitial infiltrates
Sputum, broncheolar lavage – specimens stained with silver stain
Prevention: being prophylaxis at CD4

A

Pneumocystic pneumonia

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16
Q

Primary and reactivation TB
M. kansasii is the most common NTB infection
Diagnosis with sputum or bronchiolar lavage stain and culture
Prevention: prophylaxis against MTB with isoniazid for all patients with positive PPD or close contacts of a patient with TB

A

Mycobacterial infections

17
Q

Entire GI system – odynophagia, diarrhea, proctitis, fever, abdominal pain
Diagnosed by endoscopy/colonoscopy and biopsy/EM

A

Gastrointestinal CMV infection

18
Q

Chronic diarrhea, occasionally acalculous cholecystitis

Diagnoses made by sending stool for ova and parasite staining

A

Gastrointestinal Cryptosporidium infection

19
Q

Microsporidia, Giardia duodenalis/lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica

A

Gastrointestinal HIV infection

20
Q

Cryptococcus, Toxoplasma, CMV, Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) caused by JC virus (polyomavirus)

A

CNS infections associated with HIV

21
Q

Polyradiculopathy, ascending weakness, meningoencephalitis, flaccid paralysis
Diagnosis by CSF analysis, PCR, imaging

A

CNS CMV infection

22
Q

Rapidly progressive, focal neurological deficits, caused by JC virus
Diagnosed by CSF JC virus PCR, imaging

A

CNS polyomavirus (PML) infection

23
Q

Fever, sweats, weight loss, adenopathy, pancytopenia
Focal disease with isolated adenitis can occur
Diagnosis by blood cultures, lymph node and BM biopsy
Prevention: begin prophylaxis at CD4

A

Mycobacterium avium intracellulare

I3 Exam 3 (9 decks)

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