HIV Flashcards
What is the most common cause of HIV int he world and PH?
HIV-1
What are the proteins detected in westtern blot?
Gp41 and gp120
What is the life cycle of HIV?
Binding (attachment) -> fusion -> reverse transcription -> integration -> replication -> assembly -> budding
What are the 2 phases of HIV infection and its distinction from each other?
Primary infection = first 6 months after infecition
CHronic infection = after the first 6 mons (before ART & after ART)
What happens durign the first 10 days of acute infection?
HIV is hidden & impossible to detect (3 wks post-exposure is when u do Ab testing)
Window period
What is the cut-off of CD4 count?
500 cells/mm3
How long does acute HIV infection develop?
Within 2-4 weeks
What is the CD4 count of AIDS patients?
<200cells/mm3
What is the HIV infection stages based on their CD4 count?
Stage 0 - early HIV infection
Stage 1 = >500 cells/mm3, no AIDs-defining condition
Stage 2 = 200-499 cells/mm3, no AIDS-defining condition
Stage 3 = <200 cells/mm3, documentation of AIDS-defining condition
What is the quty of viral load to denote severe HIV infection?
> 20,000 copies/mL
What is the most common complication of stage 3 HIV?
multiple or recurrent bacterial infections, abscess in the body
Pneumocystic jirovecii pneumonia
Salmonella bacteremia
Wadsting syndrome
What re the 3 rapid diagnostic tests for HIV screening?
Rapid Test 1, 2, & 3
If rapidtest 1 is non-reactive -> repeat test after 2-6 weeks
Rapid test 2 & 3 is non-reactive -> record as inconclusive & send a sampel to NRL
When can an HIV test have a false-neg result?
If it was done during window period (14-22 days)
Make sure to ask lat sexual contact (if within 3 wks, forego HIV testing)
What ART is known to cause neuropsychiatric symptoms?
Efavirenz
What ART can cause elevations in creatinine?
Tenofovir
