HIV Flashcards
HIV is a retrovirus that uses
reverse transcriptase
Person with HIV has high number of what and high affinity for what
High number of lymphocytes and high affinity for CD4 t cells
HIV is single stranded or double stranded RNA
single stranded RNA
T cells <200 is what stage of HIV
stage 3 HIV
Antibody test screens for
antibodies against HIV
Antibody/antigen test screens for
antibodies against HIV and HIV itself
Most common test for established infection
HIV antibodies
Which test is preferred for diagnosing HIV as it quicker
HIV-1 p24 antigen test
When should pts be screened (4)
- ages 13-64 in health care settings
- Pts seeking treatment for STDs
- Patients initiating tuberculosis treatment
- pregnant patient
Which one of the following statements is TRUE regarding laboratory-based HIV antibody tests that are approved for use by the US FDA?
A. The IgG-sensitive antibody tests detect HIV sooner after
infection than the IgG/IgM-sensitive antibody tests
B. Recent inoculation with influenza vaccine is a known cause of a false-positive result
C. The most common cause of a false-negative test is
coinfection with hepatitis C virus
D. The IgM/IgG-sensitive antibody tests detect HIV sooner after infection than HIV p24 antigen tests
E. None of the IgM/IgG-sensitive antibody tests can detect HIV-2
B
CD4 count >500 cells/mm
stage 1
CD4 count 200-499 cells/mm
stage 2
CD4 count <200 cells/mm
stage 3
Most common methods of transmission of HIV (2)
- unprotected sex with infected partner
2. sharing needles with infected person
Almost eliminated as risk factors for HIV transmission (2)
- Transmission from mother to fetus
2. infection from blood products
MJ is a 26yo Hispanic MSM who comes to your clinic today for a sexual health check. Last year he tested positive for rectal gonorrhea and was treated. Today he reports that he has oral and anal receptive sex with sporadic condom use. He has had 20 sexual partners in the last 3 months. He does not use any injection drugs.
Which one of the following is MJ’s most important risk factor for acquiring HIV?
a. Multiple sex partners
b. Condomless receptive anal intercourse
c. History of sexually transmitted infection (STI)
d. Age
B.
What are predictors of inadequate adherence (7)
- complex regimen and pill burden
- poor clinician-pt relationship
- active drug use or alcoholism
- unstable housing
- mental illness
- lack of patient education
- medication adverse effects
When is ART recommended
for treatment and prevention
What are some baseline l data to seek from pt? (11)
- SCr and LFTs
- CBC
- Urinalysis
- Blood glucose
- Lipid panel
- pregnancy test
- current meds
- comorbidities
- CD4 count
- HIV viral load
- genotype test for resistance
HLA-B*5701 screening is used before starting?
abicavir to reduce hypersensitivity reaction
If HLA-B*5701 is positive, you should or should not use abicavir?
should not receive abicavir
If HLA-B*5701 is negative, you should or should not use abicavir?
abicavir can be used
Coreceptor tropism assay is used when
CCR5 antagonist is being considered
NRTIs (6)
- Abacavir
- Emtricitabine
- Lamivudine
- Tenofovir DF
- Tenofovir alafenamide
- Zidovudine
NNRTIs (5)
- Efavirenz
- Etravirine
- Nevirapine
- Rilpivirine
- Doravirine
PIs
-avir
INSTI integrase inhibitor
-gravir
Fusion inhibitor (1)
enfuvirtide
CCR5 antagonist (1)
maraviroc
Attachement inhibitor (1)
fostemsavir
Post-attachment inhibitor (1)
ibalizumab
Pharmacokinetic booster (2)
- ritonavir
2. cobicistat
