Hitler's Rise to Power Flashcards
What initials are used to abbreviate the German Worker’s Party?
DAP
When was the DAP set up?
February 1919
When did Hitler join the DAP?
September 1919
Who set up the DAP?
Anton Drexler
What did Hitler suggest the DAP change its name to?
NSDAP - National Socialist German Worker’s Party
When did Hitler become leader of the Nazi Party?
July 1921
When was the 25 Point Programme Written?
1920
Identify as many key points of the 25 Point Programme as you can. Aim for 10)
1) Increase pensions for the elderly
2) Nationalise industries
3) Get rid of Treaty of Versailles
4) Everybody should have a job
5) Build up armed forces
6) No Jew may be a citizen
7) Expand Germany across new territory
8) All citizens have equal rights and duties
9) Every hard-working German should have the chance of higher education
10) The state must protect mothers and infants. Children must not work.
What was the SA?
The Sturmabteilung (stormtroopers). Paramilitary force of ex-soldiers.
When was the SA established and who commanded them?
August 1921. Ernst Rohm.
When was the Munich Putsch?
November 1923
What were the reasons for the Munich Putsch?
1) Stab in the back
2) Reparations
3) Loss of colonies and land
4) Hatred of the Weimar government
5) Influenced by Mussolini’s March on Rome
6) Hyperinflation
7) Invasion of the Ruhr
8) Hitler believed he had support of the people
Why did the Munich Putsch fail?
1) The people of Germany did not want violence
2) Ludendorff let the government leaders go, behind Hitler’s back, instead of holding them captive as in the plan
3) The police were waiting for the supporters of the Putsch & opened fire.
What were the consequences of the Munich Putsch?
1) Hitler was imprisoned
2) The NSDAP was banned
3) Hitler used his trial to publicise his views
4) He wrote Mein Kampf in prison - it became a bestseller
5) Made Hitler rethink his tactics and focus on gaining power without violence
How long did Hitler spend in prison?
9 months
When was the ban on the NSDAP lifted?
1925
When was the Bamberg Conference?
1926
What happened at the Bamberg Conference?
Addressed splits between the socialist and nationalist wings of the NSDAP. Hitler secured his position as leader and his vision of Nazism was taken forward.
Why did the Party still have relatively little support until 1929?
Stresemann’s successes made people supportive of the Weimar Republic.
When was the Wall Street Crash?
October 1929
What was the impact of the Wall Street Crash on Germany?
The US stopped lending money to Germany and demanded all loans be repaid. Taxes in Germany increased and businesses fell into debt. Many people lost their jobs. Poverty spiralled.
How did the Wall Street Crash benefit Hitler and the Nazi Party?
Led to dissatisfaction with the Weimar government and encouraged people to turn to more extreme parties.
Why was Hitler such an appealing leader of the Nazi Party?
1) Seen as a strong leader who would make decisions
2) His image appeared on most publicity material
3) Traveled around the country giving speeches and talking on the radio
4) Acceptance of modern technology (eg using aeroplanes to travel around Germany)
Which other party’s support grew after the Wall Street Crash?
The Communists (KPD)
How did Hitler use the increased support for the KPD to gain more support for the NSDAP?
Encouraged middle and upper classes to support the Nazi Party in order to prevent the KPD coming to power. They never really gained support from the working classes.
What did Hitler promise in order to gain support?
1) Promised business people he could solve the economic crisis
2) Promised working-class people work and food
3) Promised middle-class people that he could protect them from the Communists and solve the economic crisis
4) Promised rural communities that he could protect them from the communists, who might try to seize their land
5) Encouraged young people to joining because it was an exciting movement to be part of
6) Said women were the best way to save the nation
When did the NSDAP become the biggest party in the Reichstag?
March 1932
What happened at the April 1932 election?
Hindenburg stood for re-election as president. No one party has 50% of the vote.
What happened following the May 1932 election?
- Hindenburg re-elected as president
- Chancellor Bruning introduces unpopular policies
- Bruning resigns and is replaced by von Papen
- Hitler agreed to join a coalition government
- The coalition takes power
What unpopular policies led Bruning to resign the chancellorship?
1) Buying up land from landowners & using the land to house the unemployed
2) Banning the SA
What happened following the July 1932 elections?
Widespread fighting between communists & Nazis. Nazi vote share increases from 18% in 1930 to 38%. Hitler demands to be made chancellor but Hindenburg refuses.
What happened following the November 1932 election?
Von Schleicher tells Hindenburg that there will be a civil war if von Papen stays chancellor. Von Papen goes.
Who becomes chancellor in December 1932?
Von Schleicher
What leads to von Schleicher losing power in January 1933?
He is unpopular, so suggests to Hindenburg that he leads a military dictatorship. Hindenburg refuses. Von Papen suggest Hindenburg appoints Hitler as chancellor to avoid von Schleicher’s dictatorship. Von Papen to be vice-chancellor to ‘keep an eye’ on Hitler. Hitler becomes chancellor.
When does HItler become chancellor?
January 1933
