Hitler's rise to power

Question 1

Early Nazi Party features (4)

Answer 1

Feb 1920- 25 point programme drafted, stated aims eg developing a master human race, lebensraum, abolishing TOV, destroy communism and Weimar Government, remove Jews from all positions of power
Unorganised
By 1922 had 3,000 members
In 1921 SA developed, violent, disliked

Question 2

Development of Nazi Party 1924-1929 (3)

Answer 2

Propaganda- Goebbels put in charge, targeted issues the government felt very strongly about eg TOV, hatred of Weimar Government
Organisations- Teacher’s League, Women’s League, Hitler Youth, to create a sense of community and allow people to feel like they belonged in an area, SA strengthened, more men encouraged to join, focus on discipline
Change of tactics- had to obtain power through legal system rather than violence, focused on those who had been hit hard due to the effects of the depression eg farmers, wealthy businessmen, promised to ban trade unions, funded for their campaigns

Question 3

How Hitler became chancellor (8)

Answer 3

Von Papen appointed after Bruning, disliked, resigned in Nov 1932, replaced by Von Schleicher, resigned as Hindenburg refused to pass laws from him via Article 48, Hitler appointed on Jan 30th 1933
Fear of communism- best out of a bad lot
Propaganda
Wall Street Crash- extreme solutions
Hitler’s own characteristics- could deliver speeches effectively, led Germans to believe he could solely provide the foundations necessarily for a strong government
Promises- focused on issues people felt very strongly about
Weak opposition- opposing sides, SDP and GCP bitter enemies
Organisation- well organised, impressed voters

Question 4

Dictator- Reichstag fire (4)

Answer 4

Feb 1933
German communist (Van der Lubbe) found 
with matches in his pocket 
Hitler claimed it was a communist take over, article 48 used
4000 communists arrested
Removed as a political party

Question 5

Dictator- elections (3)

Answer 5

Mar 1933
Nazis used police and SA to put pressure on political opponents, 50 killed, many more injured
Watched over voters as they signed their ballot papers , received more than 44% of vote, not majority, formed a coalition with NASDP

Question 6

Dictator- enabling act (4)

Answer 6

Mar 1933
Could make laws without consulting Reichstag for 4 years
Recognised this would pass through easily , received 444 votes to 94 votes (all by SDP)
Banned GCP and SDP from taking Trade unions abolished
Local governments banned

Question 7

Dictator- all parties except Nazis banned (3)

Answer 7

July 1933
Banned people from forming a party
All remaining parties broken up

Question 8

Dictator- Night of Long Knives (6)

Answer 8

Jun 1934
SA too violent and out of control, 3 million members
Ernst Rohm threatened Hitler's authority
SA taken from their beds,77 executed
Rohm executed 
Von Shleicher executed 
Army had to swear an oath of allegiance to Hitler 
Fear created

Question 9

Dictator- death of Hindenburg (3)

Answer 9

Aug 1934
Merged roles of chancellor and president together
Comfortably position himself as Fuhrer