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History Paper 1 > Hitler's Foreign Policy > Flashcards

Hitler's Foreign Policy Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the aims of Hitler’s Foreign Policy?

A
  • To abolish the TOV
  • To expand German territory and gain Lebensraum (with land taken from Eastern Europe)
  • To create a greater German Reich
  • To destroy communism
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2
Q

How were Stresemann and Hitler similar?

A

Their Foreign Policy aims were similar

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3
Q

How were Stresemann and Hitler different?

A

Stresemann was willing to work cooperatively with other nations to achieve his aims peacefully. Whereas Hitler was prepared to use force.

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4
Q

What did Hitler do in 1934?

A

From 1934 onwards, Hitler rearmed Germany

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5
Q

What did this mean?

A

He had broke the Treaty of Versailles

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6
Q

What did Britain, France and Italy do?

A

In alarm of the rearmament, Britain, France and Italy signed Stresa Front.

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7
Q

What was Stresa Front?

A

Condemning Germany conscription and agreeing to stand together against German aggression

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8
Q

What did Germany an Britain do in 1935?

A

Signed the Anglo-German Naval Agreement

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9
Q

What was this agreement?

A

A treaty between Britain and Germany; Germany’s navy was to be 35% of the Royal Navy

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10
Q

What did this mean?

A

Germany’s navy was never able to challenge the Royal Navy.

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11
Q

What did this ignore?

A

The Treaty of Versailles

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12
Q

What collapsed?

A

Stresa Front

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13
Q

What happened to the Saar Land in 1935?

A

They voted to rejoin Germany

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14
Q

What did this mean for Germany?

A

It was a huge propaganda boost

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15
Q

What did German armed forces do in 1936?

A

Re-enter the Rhineland

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16
Q

What was Britain’s response to this?

A

“The Germans, after all are only going into their own back garden”

As the Rhineland was their own territory

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17
Q

What did Italy and Germany work together on in 1936?

A

Rome-Berlin Axis - This was an agreement stating Italy and Germany would work together on matters of common interest.

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18
Q

What was the Pact of Steel and when was it signed?

A

A full military alliance between Italy and Germany, so ending hopes that Britain and France would be able to drive a wedge between Hitler and Mussolini

19
Q

What did Hitler then signed with Japan?

A

Anti-Comintern Pact (anti-communist)

20
Q

What did Hitler do in 1938?

A

Anschluss with Austria

21
Q

What was Austria before the Anschluss?

A

An independent nation of 7 million people

22
Q

What did the Anschluss break?

A

The Treaty of Versailles

23
Q

What must we remember about the Anschluss?

A

Hitler had wanted an Anschluss with Austria as early as 1934 but Mussolini has defended Austrians independence. By 1938, Hitler and Mussolini had grown very close.

24
Q

What was important about the Sudetenland?

A

It was on the borders of Germany & Czechoslovakia
It was rich in materials
Contained much of Czechoslovakia’s defences
Population of 3.25 million German speaking people

25
Q

What did Hitler want with Sudetenland?

A

Hitler wanted these German speakers within the Reich

26
Q

What did Hitler threaten?

A

War unless he was given the Sudetenland

27
Q

What happened at the Munich Conference (Oct 1938)?

A

Britain, France, Italy and Germany decided that the Sudetenland should become German territory

28
Q

Who were not consulted?

A

The Czechs, nor Stalin’s Soviet Union, which shared a border with Czechoslovakia

29
Q

What had Hitler been?

A

Appeased

30
Q

What happened to Czechoslovakia?

A

They became powerless and stripped of defences, industry and raw materials

31
Q

What did Neville Chamberlain have to say?

A

It was ‘peace in our time’

32
Q

What is appeasement?

A

an attempt to avoid war by negotiating and making concessions.

33
Q

Why had appeasement been used?

A

The horrors of WW1 had been remembered and they wanted to avoid a war.

34
Q

What was Britain more concerned about?

A

Communism. They approved of Hitler’s anti-communist policies

35
Q

What impact had the economic depression had?

A

It meant that Britain and France were not prepared to go to war. Appeasement gave Britain an extra year to prepare for war.

36
Q

What did Stalin suggest to Britain and France?

A

Signing a treaty to make the three countries stronger against German aggression

37
Q

Why did Britain and France decline this>?

A

Because they trusted communists even less than Hitler.

38
Q

What did they see Germany as?

A

A ‘buffer’ against the communist Soviet Union.

39
Q

What astonished Britain and France in 1939?

A

Germany and the Soviet Union (sworn enemies) signed the Nazi-Soviet Non Aggression Pact in August 1939

40
Q

What did this Pact mean?

A

Hitler and Stalin had agreed not to go to war against each other

41
Q

What was Britain and France’s reaction?

A

They were shocked

42
Q

What happened on September 1st 1939?

A

German troops invaded Poland

43
Q

What happened on September 3rd 1939?

A

Britain declared war on Germany.

History Paper 1 (4 decks)

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