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Germany 1918-89 > Hitler's Dictatorship > Flashcards

Hitler's Dictatorship Flashcards

1
Q

What were the names of the first two Nazis in Hitler’s cabinet?

A

Frick and Goering

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2
Q

Which law was passed after the Reichstag Fire?

A

Decree for the Protection of German People and State

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3
Q

What was the Day of Potsdam?

A

Opening of the new Reichstag

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4
Q

How many seats did the Nazis win in the July 1933 elections?

A

666

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5
Q

What % of the German electorate voted in favour of Hitler as Fuhrer?

A

90%

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6
Q

Define Machtergreifung

A

Seizing power through the use of political violence and intimidation

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7
Q

Define Gleichschaltung

A

Coordination, integration, or bringing into line components of the government and constitution that would impede the creation of a dictatorship under Hitler’s control

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8
Q

Define ‘A Legal Revolution’

A

Steps taken within the ‘boundaries of the constitution’ to ‘protect’ Germany that enabled Hitler to consolidate his power without technically his power without technically breaking the law.

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9
Q

What agreement was signed with the army on 10th November 1918?

A

Ebert-Groener Pact

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10
Q

How many people turned out for the Reichstag elections 1919-32 on average?

A

80%

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11
Q

How did the Weimar Republic put down the Spartacist Uprising in January 1919?

A

Freikorps

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12
Q

Proportional representation resulted in what types of governments being established?

A

Coalitions

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13
Q

How did the Weimar Republic resolve the Kapp Putsch in January 1920?

A

Workers’ strike

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14
Q

What was Reichsexekution?

A

Takeover by federal government to restore order, removing the state government and replacing them with military

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15
Q

How many gauleiter regions were there in Nazi Germany?

A

32

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16
Q

How many Gestapo were there?

A

30,000

17
Q

Who oversaw the Nazi police state?

A

Heinrich Himmler

18
Q

What was the difference between the Kripo and Orpo?

A

Kripo - detectives
Orpo - uniformed police

19
Q

What is the difference between active resistance and conformity?

A

Conformity is acceptance
Active resistance is bringing about change

20
Q

Give 3 things banned by the Enabling Act in 1933?

A

Trade unions
Other parties
Civil rights (suspended)

21
Q

What was SOPADE?

A

SPD outside the country who passed information to the Allies

22
Q

State 3 examples of resistance by workers

A

Sabotage
Protests
Violence
Damaging machinery
Falsely calling in sick

23
Q

Name two youth opposition groups

A

Edelweiss Pirates
Swing Youth

24
Q

What was the Concordat?

A

Agreement between Hitler and the Pope
Hitler wouldn’t interfere in Catholic church if they stayed out of German politics

25
Q

What were the main features of the July 1944 Bomb Plot?

A

Attempt to assassinate Hitler
Claus von Stauffenberg
Planted bomb in briefcase in a meeting
Killed 4 others, Hitler escaped with minor injuries

26
Q

Give 3 examples of Nazi foreign policy successes

A

1935 - Saar plebiscite
1936 - remilitarisation of the Rhineland
1938 - taking back land in Czechoslovakia

27
Q

What was the Nazi secret police called and who controlled them?

A

Gestapo, controlled by Hermann Goering

28
Q

Define Anschluss

A

The unification of Germany with Austria, which was banned after WW1
Hitler brought it back in 1938

29
Q

Why did the Nazis not take action against workers’ resistance?

A

They needed workers

30
Q

State 4 ways Hjalmar Schacht tried to promote recovery 1933-36

A

RAD (Labour Scheme)
Rearmament
Building autobahns
Agriculture
(RNS) Reich Food Estate

31
Q

What is a command economy?

A

State control

32
Q

What was the purpose of the Second Four-Year Plan, and who was in charge of it?

A

Autarky and preparing for the war.
Hermann Goering

33
Q

What was the Guns or Butter debate?

A

Whether the economic focus would be on the war economy or food etc for the people

34
Q

How did the polycratic nature of the German government affect Germany’s economic war readiness plans?

A

Created conflict over limited resources, people were unprepared
Only 6 weeks worth of materials ready opposed to 5 or 6 months needed

35
Q

What was meant by the Wehrwirtschaft?

A

Defence/wartime economy

36
Q

What was the purpose of Albert Speer’s Central Planning Board?

A

To distribute raw materials
Decide on whether to build a factory or extend an existing one
To organise transportation

37
Q

State 3 ways in which the German economy was badly overstretched by 1945

A
  • Allied bombing wiped out factories, mines, towns and transport links
  • Loss of land that had provided raw materials (Upper Silesia’s coal)
  • Damage to electricity, gas and water supplies
  • Sabotage by foreign workers, for example deliberate ‘mistakes’ that damaged equipment and machinery

Germany 1918-89 (6 decks)

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