Histroy Scientific Revolution Flashcards
Rene-Decartes
Believed that you shouldn’t believe any claim unless it is backed up by logic and reason
Heliocentric
Sun centered solar system (theory)
Francis Bacon
Believed that the only way to gain scientific knowledge was through expieremintation, observation, measuring, explaining and verifying.
Nicolas Copernicus
Showed that the sun is in the center of the solar system, was wrong on a theory that showed the orbit path of planets was circular.
Tyco brae
Discovered supernovas, hired Johannes KeplAr as a mathematician to prove his theory of the orbit of the planets (he believed that the sun revolved around the earth but the planets revolved around the sun)
Johannes KeplAr
Proved that coper-nican theory was wrong measuring Mars orbits, but showed that the planets moved in an elliptical pattern.
Galileo
Invented telescope, discovered the Milkey way is made up of stars. Saw the moon and Saturn.
Issac Newton
Responsible for calculus, so was Gottfried, laws of gravity
Andreas Versalis
Responsible for the first accurate paintings of the anatomy.
William Harvey
Explained the anatomy of the circulation of blood in the heart and throughout the body
Robort Boyle
Defined the element, Boyal’s Law,
Lavoisier
discovered the law of conservation, first periodic table, discovered oxygen and named it, introduced the metric system of measurements
Known as the “exiting time of optimism and possibility”.
The age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason
Thomas HObbs
Believed in the social contract, which would give some freedoms to a supreme leader in exchange for safety an order in a society.
John Locke
Believed that we humans are born without knowledge, no one should impose their will over someone else’s.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
believed that all people were equal, and that everyone should give up some rights for the benefit of the whole community.
Baron de Monteaquieu
Believed the best type of government was a government with the powers separated.
voltaire
Wherever he saw ignorance or injustice, he was at it. This included the church, the nobility and the goverment. (Think of Christopher Hitchens)
Diderot
was responsible for the first encyclopiedia, helped spread knowledge across Europe.
Mary WollstoneCraft
Argued in her book for woman rights, which at her time was radical. Believed that woman should gain more education.
Adam Smith
Believed that trading shouldn’t involve the government. His reasoning was that the economy would be stronger.
Fredrick II
Followed Voltaire’s ways of thinking. He increasd religious tolorance. He abolished torture. Gave elementay education to the children of Prussia. Made Prussia more powerful.
Catherine the Great
Associated with Voltaire and Diderot.
Joseph II
Eliminated the death penalty and torture. Provided free food and medicine for the poor. Gave religious tolarance to the protestants and Jews. Abolished serfdom and required that laborours be paid for their work.
