History WWI Flashcards
Franklin D. Roosevelt
32nd President of the United States; elected four times; instituted New Deal to counter the Great Depression and led country during World War II (1882-1945)
militarism
belief or desire of a government or people that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests.
imperialism
The building of power by controlling over colonies.
Treaty of Versailles
the treaty imposed on Germany by the Allied powers in 1920 after the end of World War I which demanded exorbitant reparations from the Germans
Joseph Mcarthy
accused tons of us citizens of being communist, had them “blacklisted”
Martin Luther King Jr.
u.s. baptist minister and civil rights leader. a noted orator, he opposed discrimination against blacks by organizing nonviolent resistance and peaceful mass demonstrations. he was assassinated in memphis, tennessee. nobel peace prize (1964)
Malcolm X
black muslim who argued for separation, not integration. he changed his views, but was assassinated in 1965.
Lyndon B. Johnson
the us president who privately wanted to stay out of vietnam but sent soldiers because his goal was to stop the spread of communism
John F. Kennedy
35th u.s. president. 1961-1963 (assassinated). democratic
president of the us during the bay of pigs invasion and the cuban missile crisis
Woodrow Wilson
u.s. president, who led usa into wwi. he proposed the 14 points. he attended the peace conference at versailles.
Ho Chi Minh
vietnamese communist statesman who fought the japanese in world war ii and the french until 1954 and south vietnam until 1975 (1890-1969)
Joseph Stalin
russian leader who succeeded lenin as head of the communist party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953)
Adolf Hilter
(20 april 1889 - 30 april 1945) was the leader of the national socialist german workers party (the nazi party). he was appointed chancellor of germany in 1933, and became führer (leader) in 1934, remaining in power until his suicide in 1945.
Dwight D. Eisenhower
leader of the allied forces in europe during ww2–leader of troops in africa and commander in dday invasion-elected president-president during integration of little rock central high school
Winston Churchill
a noted british statesman who led britain throughout most of world war ii and along with roosevelt planned many allied campaigns. he predicted an iron curtain that would separate communist europe from the rest of the west.
Harry S. Truman
president of the us after roosevelt’s death; approved the use of the atomic bomb against japan
Ronald Regan
the president of the us at the end of the cold war who encouraged americans to mistrust communists
Richard Nixon
he was elected to be us president after johnson decided to not to run for us president again. he promised peace with honor in vietnam which means withdrawing american soliders from south vietnam
Ngo Dinh Diem
south vietnamese president that was catholic and strongly opposed communism. his poor leadership and corrupt government spelled doom.
Herbert Hoover
south vietnamese president that was catholic and strongly opposed communism. his poor leadership and corrupt government spelled doom
Bill Clinton
42nd president advocated economic and healthcare reform; second president to be impeached
Mikhail Gorbachev
soviet statesman whose foreign policy brought an end to the cold war and whose domestic policy introduced major reforms (born in 1931)
Fidel Castro
cuban socialist leader who overthrew a dictator in 1959 and established a marxist socialist state in cuba (born in 1927)
Cuban Missile Crisis
In October 1962, the United States and the Soviet Union came close to nuclear war when President Kennedy insisted that Nikita Khrushchev remove the 42 missiles he had secretly deployed in Cuba. The Soviets eventually did so, nuclear war was averted, and the crisis ended.
Tet Offensive
surprise attacks on cities all over south vietnam
Vietnamization
president richard nixons strategy for ending u.s involvement in the vietnam war, involving a gradual withdrawl of american troops and replacement of them with south vietnamese forces
Battle of the Bulge
world war ii battle in december 1944 between germany and allied troops that was the last german offensive in the west.
D-Day
june 6, 1944 - led by eisenhower, over a million troops (the largest invasion force in history) stormed the beaches at normandy and began the process of re-taking france. the turning point of world war ii.
Executive Order 9066
2/19/42; 112,000 japanese-americans forced into camps causing loss of homes & businesses, 600k more renounced citizenship; demonstrated fear of japanese invasion
Civil Rights Act of 1965
ends segregation in all public facilities
allow Blacks to vote
Attack on Pearl Harbor
starting point of ww2 in pacific which mostly between us and japanese. a “date which will live in infamy” – dec. 7, 1941 – 3,000 casualties & fleet destroyed, this led to the u.s. entry into the war
Blitzkrieg
“lighting war”, typed of fast-moving warfare used by german forces against poland in 1939.
Totalitarianism
government control over every aspect of public and private life
Domino Theory
the political theory that if one nation comes under communist control then neighboring nations will also come under communist control
Communism
an economic system in which the central government directs all major economic decisions
No Man’s Land
area between opposing trenches
Vietcong
a group of communist guerrillas who, with the help of north vietnam, fought against the south vietnamese government in the vietnam war.
McCarthyism
extreme opposition to Communism, as shown by Senator Joseph McCarthy in his campaign against people suspected of being Communists in the US. The word is also used more generally to mean the practice of investigating and accusing people who are thought to be opposed to the government, without sufficient evidence.
Fascism
a political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and racism and no tolerance of opposition.
Great Society
president johnson’s program to reduce poverty and racial injustice and to promote a better quality of life in the us
Isolationism
a national policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs
