History western arts vocabulary 1-4 chapters Flashcards
Art is the objection of feeling is…
Modern
Assess physical properties is called what?
Formal analysis
Identify a subject matter or symbolism is called…
Iconography
Cultural context is called what?
Iconology
Visually distinct characteristics that relate to an artist, region, period, etc is….
Style
Common to chronological period is called…
Period style
Individual artists is a….
Personal style
Common to geographical area is..
Regional style
Used by the ancient Egyptians, Greeks, Romans through the Middle Ages and into the Renaissance is called what?
Tempera
Pigment suspended in water, applied to lime-plaster surface is…
Fresco
Applied to damp plaster surface is called….
Buon fresco
Applied to dry plaster surface is….
Fresco secco
Three-dimensional artwork created by shaping or combining hard materials - typically stone, wood or metal is called what?
Sculpture
Meant to be seen in the round is….
Freestanding sculpture
Freestanding; projects from a background surface is….
Relief sculpture
Slight projection from a surface is called what?
Low-relief sculpture
More than half of the circumstance of the modeled form projects from the surrounding surface is….
High-relief sculpture
Substitution of one material for another is…
Casting
Mold is destroyed to remove hardened cast; only one work created is…
Lost wax casting (bronze hollow-casting)
Removing unwanted materials from sculpture; subtractive process is called…
Carving
Dense stone, not easily molded in Chinese is…
Diorite
Both the process & product of planning; designing & construction
Architecture
Practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface is…
Painting
Hard/brittle; only ground down by filling is…
Jade
Simplest building technique; pile stones atop one another without mortar is called…
Masonry
Stones cut or shaped before use is….
Dressed
Semicircular arch supported by columns or piers are called….
Round (Roman) Arch
Composite construction material composed of aggregate- lime mortar, volcanic sand, water, small stones is called…
Concrete
Hemispherical, semi-hemispherical, pointed is called….
Dome
(hunter/gatherer):
emergence of “representation” in painting & sculpture is called what?
Paleolithic
No feet; carved from pregnant woman’s perspective is called what?
McDermott
Sculptures to communicate friendly intentions; fertility & intermarriage between clans is called….
Gamble
(herdsmen/farmer):
emergence of monumental sculpture & architecture is called what?
Neolithic
Predetermined scheme: lack of streets, entrances in roof is called….
Agglutinative architecture
Artificial hill; honoring the dead is…
Cairn
Stones held in place by weight of those on other side is…
Corbelled vault
Tomb with long stone corridor leading to burial chamber is called…
Passage grave
(Great stones) is called…
Megaliths
Engraved with linear designs are called
Entropic images
Circular megalithic with stone arrangement is called…
Henge
Nucleus of every city is called….
Temple
High platform is
Ziggurat
Gift of gratitude to deity is called…
Votive offering
Commemorate stele
Commemorate event or mark grave
Lower Egypt (north)
Agriculture and animal husbandry
Upper Egypt (south)
Hunting and is distance from civilizations.
People, animals, boats (travel down river of life/death) is called…
Funerary scene
Palette
Stone slab, with circular depression
Incarnation of Horus while alive, Osiris when dead is called…
Pharaohs
Linen wrap is called…
Nemes headress
Serdab
Central room
Removal of flaws, extrapolate ideal features; unaging, unchanging, beautiful is called…
Idealism
Nearly identical on the left and right side is called…
Bilateral symmetry
Ideal set of anatomical ratios is called…
Canon of proportions
Tombs hidden inside is called…
New kingdom
Great monuments (tombs emphasized over temples) called…
Old kingdom
Hunting scenes reference Horus hunting his father’s (Osiris) murderer (Seth) is called…
Allegorical
Abstract figures, rigidly aligned is called…
Return to Conservatism
Aegean civilization disappeared by Homer’s time; transformed into golden age of heroes is called…
Homer’s Iliad
Which king demanded 14 youths from Athens to feed Minotaur?
King Minos
Succeeded in slaying with Ariadne’s help, then abandons her on Naxos is…
Theseus
(“House of the Double Axes”-sacrificial slaughter) is…
Labyrinth
Relieve weight is called what?
Relieving triangle
Near East origin
Heraldic
Beehive-shaped
Tholos tombs
“Man is the measure of all things”
(no god-kings, centered in material world) is called
Protagoras
Vessel for mixing water and wine is called…
Krater
Renewed contact with foreign cultures are…
Composite monsters
Rosettes
Stylized flowers
Dark shaped against pale buff is called…
Black figure technique
Kouros
Youth
Kouroi
Young, athletic males
Kore
Always clothed
Four piece garment of goddess is called
Peplos
Main room where the cult statue would be placed is called…
Cella
Slight curvature outward Heavy, closely spaced columns is called…
Entasis
Altar outside at east end (facing sun)
Temple proper housed is called
Cult statue
Greek temples are
Mathematical balance and harmony of cosmos
Dionysos holds what?
Kantharos
Amphora is a?
Storage jug
Maenads is a…
Female worshippers
Dionysos
Present offering of a rabbit or deer.
Symposium
Greek social gatherings of men.
Patroclus
(Achilles’ “friend” killed by Hector (Zeus’ revenge)
Achilles
Fights for his body for funerary rites; returns, kills Hector (Athena- pro-Greek)
Balanced composition
Diagonals balanced by lance-bearers.
Sculptural masses
Closed, compact, invite one to walk around (not in).
Archaic
Fleshed-out anatomy, but rigid frontal or profile.
Classical art
Humanism, rationalism, and idealism.
Life-likeness
Eyeballs of bone/ colored glass; silver teeth, eyelashes; copper lips, nipples.
Bronze hollow- casting
Greater range of motion; outstretched limbs.
Hollow-cast bronze
Greater range of motion/poses.
Contrapposto/chiastic
X-shaped
Entasis
Slight curvature outward.
Panathenaic
(“all Athenian”) Festival procession: every 4 years
Late classical
Narrative Gesture draws attention to nudity.
Pliny
Some men were “overcome with love;” priests to watch men around.
Hellenistic baroque
Theatrical gestures, pathos, and drama.
Multi-media experience
Prow of ship, crashing waves (hear and smell from fountain and waves below), feel wind billowing chiton.
Pathos
Experience tragic, painful death of figures.
Tragically heroic
Portrait-like head-ideal body.
