History Vocal (Islam + Arab) Flashcards
Monotheism
believing in one god
The Quran
Islamic religious/holy text
Allah
god of islam
Muhammad
founder of islam
The Umma
community of islam
Mecca
the holiest city of islam, wealthy and populous, in Arabia
Medina
2nd holiest city
where Muhammad and other early muslims fled to
1st pillar of islam
no god other than Allah
2nd pillar of islam
praying 5 times a day
3rd pillar of islam
giving to the poor
4th pillar of islam
fasting (ramadan)
5th pillar of islam
pilgrimage to Mecca
Mosque
a place of worship for muslims
Jihad
interpersonal effort against greed, selfishness, and evil
Hijra
the journey to Medina
Madrassas
a school, college, or university the is usually connected or a part of a mosque
Sharia
set of laws that regulated all aspects of islamic life
Dhimmis
second class subjects
The Jizya
a tax for people to practice their religion
substitute for military service
Caliph
one leader of islam
Sunni Muslims
group of muslims who thought that the caliph should be chosen by the islamic community
Shiite (Shia) Muslims
group of muslims who thought the descendants of Muhammad should be the caliph
Sufis
branch os islam looking for an intense connection and interaction with god
The Ulama
group of muslim religious scholars and chief authorities
Umayyad Caliphate
new caliph (661-750) replacing the Rightly Guided Caliphs
Changed many large impacts of islam
Abbasid Caliphate
Overthrew the Umayyad Caliph to become the new islamic caliph in 750
helped create equality, but didn’t last very long
