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World History 1/2 > History Vocab Q3 > Flashcards

History Vocab Q3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the seven continents of the world?

A
  1. North America
  2. South America
  3. Europe
  4. Asia
  5. Africa
  6. Australia
  7. Antarctica
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2
Q

What are the five oceans of the world?

A

Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, Southern

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3
Q

What is longitude?

A

Distance east or west of the prime meridian, measured in degrees, vertical

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4
Q

What is latitude?

A

Distance north or south of the equator, horizontal

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5
Q

What is the equator?

A

0 degrees latitude

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6
Q

What is the prime meridian?

A

0 degrees longitude

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7
Q

What is cartography?

A

The science of making maps

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8
Q

What is the Global Positioning System (GPS)?

A

A system that determines the precise position of something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers.

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9
Q

What is a works cited page?

A

A list of sources that are referenced directly in a research paper

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10
Q

What is a demographic?

A

Having certain characteristics in common, such as age, race, or gender

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11
Q

What is gross domestic product?

A

The sum total of the value of all the goods and services produced in a nation

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12
Q

What is inflation?

A

A general and progressive increase in prices

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13
Q

What are preambulatory clauses?

A

The clauses of a resolution that introduce the resolution

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14
Q

What are operative clauses?

A

Statements in the second section of the draft resolution that outlines the specific solutions the sponsors wish to implement

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15
Q

What is the UN General Assembly?

A

The body of the UN in which all UN members have a seat. Functioning on a majority rule decision process, it is the central forum for discussion of global issues.

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16
Q

What is a social contract?

A

A voluntary agreement among individuals to secure their rights by creating a government and abiding by its rules.

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17
Q

What are natural rights?

A

The idea that all humans are born with rights, which include the right to life, liberty, and property

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18
Q

What is reason?

A

Clear and ordered thinking

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19
Q

What is separation of powers?

A

Constitutional division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches

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20
Q

What is sovereignty?

A

Ability of a state to govern its territory free from control of its internal affairs by other states.

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21
Q

What is liberty?

A

Freedom

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22
Q

What is suffrage?

A

The right to vote

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23
Q

What is censorship?

A

The government banning enlightenment thinking and free thought

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24
Q

What is a federal republic?

A

Government in which power is divided between the national, or federal, government and the states

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25
What is a constitution?
A written plan of government
26
What was the old regime and the three estates?
First: Clergy Second: Nobility Third: Commoners
27
Who was Louis XVI?
King of France during the French Revolution
28
What is a primary source?
A document or physical object which was written or created during the time under study.
29
What is a secondary source?
Information gathered by someone who did not take part in or witness an event
30
What was the Tennis Court Oath?
A pledge made by the members of France's National Assembly in 1789, in which they vowed to continue meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution
31
What is the Bastille?
Fortress in Paris used as a prison; French Revolution began when Parisians stormed it in 1789
32
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man?
Statement of fundamental political rights adopted by the French National Assembly at the beginning of the French Revolution.
33
What was the Reign of Terror?
(1793-94) During the French Revolution when thousands were executed for 'disloyalty'
34
What is a guillotine?
A machine for beheading people, used as a means of execution during the French Revolution.
35
What was the Committee of Public Safety?
Established and led by Robespierre, fixed bread prices and nationalized some businesses. Basically secret police and also controlled the war effort. Instigated the Reign of Terror.
36
What is a coup d'état?
A sudden overthrow of the government
37
What is nepotism?
Favoritism to relatives
38
What is the Napoleonic Code?
A comprehensive and uniform system of laws established for France by Napoleon
39
What were the Napoleonic Wars?
A series of wars fought between France (led by Napoleon Bonaparte) and alliances involving England and Prussia and Russia and Austria at different times (1799-1812).
40
What is guerrilla warfare?
A hit-and-run technique used in fighting a war; fighting by small bands of warriors using tactics such as sudden ambushes
41
What is nationalism?
A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country
42
What was the Battle of Waterloo?
This was the battle that Napoleon lost after his return from Elba that ended his reign as French ruler
43
What does it mean to abdicate?
To give up a position, right, or power
44
Who was Toussaint L'Ouverture?
An important leader of the Haïtian Revolution and the first leader of a free Haiti; in a long struggle against the institution of slavery, he led the blacks to victory over the whites and free coloreds and secured native control over the colony in 1797, calling himself a dictator.
45
Who was Simon Bolivar?
The most important military leader in the struggle for independence in South America. Born in Venezuela, he led military forces there and in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.
46
What is the casta system?
A system in colonial Spain of determining a person's social importance according to different racial categories. 1. Peninsulares 2. Creoles 3. Mestizo, Mulatto 4. Slaves
47
What is self-determination?
Concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves
48
What is a creole?
Descendants of the Europeans in Latin America, usually implies an upper class status.
49
What is urbanization?
An increase in the percentage and in the number of people living in urban settlements.
50
What was the Neolithic Revolution?
The switch from nomadic lifestyles to a settled agricultural lifestyle is this revolution.
51
What were the Enclosure Acts?
A series of laws enacted by the British government that enabled landowners to purchase and enclose land for their own use that had previously been common land used by peasant farmers.
52
What is a union?
A worker association that bargains with employers over wages, benefits, and working conditions
53
What is free market capitalism?
A system of economics that minimizes government intervention and maximizes the role of the market.
54
What is socialism?
A system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production.
55
What is communism?
A form of socialism that abolishes private ownership
56
What is the bourgeoisie?
Upper middle class
57
What is the proletariat?
Marx's term for the exploited class, the mass of workers who do not own the means of production
58
What is stock?
A stock is a share of ownership in a company. It's also known as equity.
59
Emergency savings account
a bank account that contains money set aside to cover unexpected expenses. It's a safety net that can help you avoid debt and financial hardship.
60
Compounding interest
interest you learn on interest
61
monopoly
a market where one company or person has complete control over a product or service
62
credit score
A credit score is a number that estimates how likely you are to repay a loan or credit card. Creditors use your credit score to decide whether to give you credit and what interest rate to charge.
63
Imperialism
a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force
64
Social darwinism
the theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals
65
scramble for africa
the rapid invasion, colonization, and division of African territory by European powers during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, driven by the Second Industrial Revolution and the desire for resources and political dominance
66
opium wars
two conflicts in the 19th century, the First Opium War (1839-1842) and the Second Opium War (1856-1860), waged between China and the British Empire (and later, France) stemming from the Chinese government's attempts to suppress the opium trad
67
assimilation
the process through which individuals and groups of differing heritages acquire the basic habits, attitudes, and mode of life of an embracing culture
68
sepoy mutiny
a rebellion against British rule in India that took place in 1857. It was also known as the Indian Mutiny, the Indian Rebellion of 1857, or the First Indian War of Independence.
69
boxer rebellion
a violent anti-foreign and anti-Christian uprising in China from 1899 to 1901
70
meiji restoration
The Meiji Restoration, referred to at the time as the Honorable Restoration, and also known as the Meiji Renovation, Revolution, Regeneration, Reform, or Renewal, was a political event that restored imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji
71
menelik II
one of the kings of the two territories not imperialized during the scramble for Africa. he was the ruler of Ethiopia and modernized his military to fight off Italian conquest
72
Indirect rule
a system of governance where an imperial power controls a territory through existing indigenous political structures and local rulers, rather than directly managing it
73
direct rule
direct rule is when an imperial or central power takes direct control over the legislature, executive and civil administration of an otherwise largely self-governing territory.
74
Triple alliance
a military alliance formed in 1882 between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy, designed to provide mutual support in case of attack
75
triple entente
an informal alliance of Great Britain, France, and Russia formed in the early 20th century as a counterbalance to the growing power of the Triple Alliance
76
M.A.I.N causes of World War I
militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism

World History 1/2 (2 decks)

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