History unit 4 Flashcards
c. c. 2,800,000 BCE
Humans emerge on Earth in Africa
Homo sapiens emerge on Earth
in modern-day Kenya
c. 300,000 BCE
Dogs are domesticated in Siberia
(first domesticated animal)
c. 30,000 BCE
Earliest permanent settlement
(in modern-day Czech Republic)
c. 23,000 BCE
The Ice Age (Last Glacial Maximum) ends;
last non-homo sapiens humans die out
c. 12,000 BCE
Earliest domesticated plants, first
in modern-day Middle East, then worldwide
c. 10,000 BCE
The Sumerians of Iraq invent civilization
c. 4000 BCE
Norte Chico (Caral-Supe) of
Peru invents civilization
c. 3500 BCE
Egypt unites as the first true country
c. 3100 BCE
Enheduanna first named author in history;
dad Sargon the Akkadian makes 1st empire (in Iraq)
2334
Xia Dynasty (1st Chinese dynasty) begins
2070 BCE
First phases of Austronesian, Bantu,
Indo-European migrations (Indian & Pacific
Oceans; Sub-Saharan Africa; Eurasia)
2000-1000 BCE
The Canaanites of the modern-day Levant
(Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Palestine)
invent the alphabet (𐤂𐤁𐤀)
1800 BCE
The Olmec of modern-day Mexico
invent civilization in Central America; Shang Dynasty (2nd Chinese dynasty) begins and literacy emerges in China & Mexico
c. 1600 BCE
The earliest texts of Hinduism recorded in India (#4 largest religious perspective)
c. 1500 BCE
The Silver/Eternal Treaty: Ramses II of Egypt &
Hattusili III of Hatti (in modern-day Turkey)
sign the first superpower defense pact
1259 BCE
Bronze Age Collapse (civil war, migration, political collapse from Mediterranean Sea to
Black Sea to the Persian Gulf to Lake Chad
1200-1100 BCE
Canaanites establish the colony of Gadir in modern-day Cádiz, Spain at start of a wave of accommodation-based migration
1104 BCE
1046 BCE
Zhou Dynasty (3rd Chinese dynasty) begins
The first Olmec city is abandoned
(in modern-day Mexican State of Veracruz);
first Maya city is created (in modern-day Mexican State of Tabasco); second civilization of Peru, the Chavín, emerge (in modern-day Peruvian state of Ancash)
c. 900 BCE
c. 300,000 BCE
Homo sapiens emerge on Earth
in modern-day Kenya
Humans emerge on Earth in Africa
c. 2,800,000 BCE
c. 10,000 BCE
Domesticated plants
c. 4000 BCE
First civ in iraq
2334 BCE
Enheduanna first named author in history;
dad Sargon the Akkadian makes 1st empire (in Iraq)
2000 - 1000 BCE
First phases of Austronesian, Bantu,
Indo-European migrations (Indian & Pacific
Oceans; Sub-Saharan Africa; Eurasia)
c. 1800 BCE
The Canaanites of the modern-day Levant
(Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Palestine)
invent the alphabet (𐤂𐤁𐤀)
1500 BCE
The earliest texts of Hinduism recorded in India (#4 largest religious perspective)
1200 - 1100 BCE
Bronze Age Collapse (civil war, migration, political collapse from Mediterranean Sea to
Black Sea to the Persian Gulf to Lake Chad)
Assyrian monarch Shalmaneser III creates
first true postal service for use in an empire
from Iraq to Levant to Turkey to Egypt to Iran
858 BCE
Canaanite Elissa (Dido) of Tyre in modern-day
Lebanon creates the city-state of Carthage
in modern-day Tunisia
816 BCE
Philosophy emerges, in India (800)
then China (700) then Greece (600)
c.800 - 600 BCE
c. 800 - 600 BCE
Philosophy emerges, in India (800)
then China (700) then Greece (600)
First Olympic Games in modern-day Western
Greece Region province of modern-day Greece;
Greeks now using alphabet (ΑΒΓ)
776 BCE
City of Rome created in modern-day Italy by
Latin-led admixture of outcasts and farmers
753 BCE
753 BCE
City of Rome created in modern-day Italy by
Latin-led admixture of outcasts and farmers
Nubian King Piye (from modern-day Sudan)
is first outsider to conquer all of Egypt
744 BCE
Assyrian monarch Ashurbanipal creates
first true library near modern-day Mosul, Iraq
646 BCE
Etrsucan Tanaquil establishes her family as the
Tarquin Dynasty (last 3 of 7 kings of Rome), moving from Etruria (modern Tuscany in Italy); Latin alphabet emerges in her time (ABC).
616 BCE
Nabonidus, King of Babylon near modern-day
Baghdad, Iraq, oversees first archaeological excavations & first museum of artifacts
552 BCE
Cyrus the Great’s newborn Persian Empire
(centered in modern-day Iran) conquers
Babylon and returns conquered ethnic groups
to homelands while scaling back forced labor
539 BCE
Siddhartha Gautama, born in modern-day
Lumbini Province, Nepal, reaches nirvana and
becomes the Buddha in modern-day State of
Bihar in India, drawing disciples and creating
Buddhism (#5 largest religious perspective)
528 BCE
Carthaginian Empire in modern-day Tunisia,
Algeria, Spain, and Italian islands gives international recognition to the newly-created
Roman Republic as the Tarquin Dynasty ends
509 BCE
Kong Qiu (Confucius) quits a government role
in modern-day Shandong Province of China to
travel all Chinese kingdoms as a wandering
philosopher, creating Confucianism
(most influential philosophy for East Asia)
483 BCE
