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History Ch 3-4 > History Test Ch 3-4 > Flashcards

History Test Ch 3-4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What does Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs have to do with the colonies?

A

Once their basic needs (food, shelter, clothing) are met, the colonial people could move on to other “needs” (freedom, community, care for others)

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2
Q

Where did many “Scots Irish” settle?

A

Near the ports of Philadelphia, Charleston, and Savannah

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3
Q

The undeveloped area on the edge of the settled areas was known as what?

A

A frontier

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4
Q

What type of wagon was used by settlers going west?

A

prairie schooner

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5
Q

What is the name of the gap through the Appalachian Mountains through which thousands of settlers traveled?

A

The Cumberland Gap

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6
Q

What famous explorer led people on a trail that eventually was known as “The Wilderness Road?”

A

Daniel Boone

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7
Q

What was a “Nantucket Sleigh ride?

A

The dragging of a whaleboat by a harpooned whale while whaling. An archaic term from the early days of open-boat whaling, when the animals were harpooned from small open boats.

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8
Q

Why was sperm whale so prized by 19th century whalers?

A

For the oil in their blubber. It was used for lubrication, to make soap, to light public and private lights, etc.

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9
Q

What is “Scrimshaw”?

A

Whalebone (and whale teeth) ivory used to make jewelry and furniture.

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10
Q

What was a “Subsistence Farmer”?

A

Farmers who produce just enough crops and/or livestock that are required for their own needs and do not have the option to earn money by selling or obtaining goods by trading their production.

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11
Q

What were the Middle Colonies known as with regard to agriculture?

A

Also known as the “Breadbasket colonies” were known for their fertile soil, which is ideal for farming

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12
Q

On what did rich Southern farmers live?

A

Plantations

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13
Q

What area was used to grow rice? Why?

A

South Carolina

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14
Q

What area was west of the settled areas?

A

Midwest and America South

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15
Q

What firearm was used by people living on the frontier and pretty much anyone else living in the colonies?

A

Not sure which one he is looking for:

Rifles, fowlers, shot-guns, surplus army muskets, carbines, and even repeating arms as well as pistols or revolvers.

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16
Q

Explain the “Triangle Trade”- what was transported where.

A

A system of transatlantic trade in the 16th century between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. The first leg of the trip was sending European products from Europe to Africa, where they were traded for slaves. Then, the slaves were transported to the Americas and sold.

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17
Q

What were some major problems with farming in New England?

A

The soil was rocky, which made farming difficult. The New England colonies had very harsh winters and mild summers.

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18
Q

What industries grew in New England due to issues with farming?

A

Saw and textile (the making of cloth) mills

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19
Q

How did the Indians view land ownership?

A

Native Americans, did not appreciate that land as a commodity (something to be given or taken), especially not in terms of individual ownership

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20
Q

What was one goal of many colonists with regards to the Indians? Why?

A

Trade supplies and knowledge of farming. To earn money.

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21
Q

Who ministered to the Algonquin Indians?

A

John Eliot

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22
Q

What book was the first of any language to be printed in America?

A

The Bay Psalm Book

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23
Q

What were “Praying Towns?”

A

Towns where Indians had the freedom to pray.

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24
Q

In 1622, ¼ of the population of what town was killed by Powhatan Indians?

A

Jamestown, Virginia

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25
Q

What war was fought in New England involving thousands of Indians? What was the result?

A

King Philip’s War is considered the bloodiest war per capita in U.S. history. It left several hundred colonists dead and dozens of English settlements destroyed or heavily damaged.

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26
Q

What was a “Wampum Belt” used for?

A

Belts made of wampum were used to mark agreements between peoples

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27
Q

Metacomet was also known as who?

A

King Philip

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28
Q

How long did the war with Indians in New England last?

A

14 months

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29
Q

What tragic incident involved Indians in the South?

A

Incident at Wounded Knee

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30
Q

How did colonists fail to follow Matthew 22:39 in their dealings with the Indians?

A

Love your neighbor as yourself. They did not love their neighbor as themselves.

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31
Q

What was the local army called? Today we call it the “National Guard.”

A

organized militia

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32
Q

Who had “the power of the purse” in the colonies?

A

Power of the purse, is the ability of one group to control the actions of another group by withholding funding, or putting stipulations on the use of funds. Colonial Governments.

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33
Q

What was the name of the people who conducted trials, collected taxes, settled disputes etc.. in the colonies?

A

Parliament

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34
Q

Free adult white male property owners were known as what?

A

Landowners

35
Q

What was the primary tax collected in the colonies?

A

Postage stamps

36
Q

What was the basic unit of government in the colonies called?

A

The basic unit of government in the colonies was the township. The two primary units of government were:
- The governor and his council
- The colonial assembly, whose representatives were elected by the qualified voters of the county

37
Q

The “purest form of democracy in the colonies” was what?

A

The Town Meetings

38
Q

What are some characteristics of the Upper class?

A

Possess large wealth.

39
Q

The Upper Class usually consisted of people who had what types of professions?”

A

Merchants, ministers, royal officials, and lawyers

40
Q

What is a major difference between the “caste system” of Europe and the “caste system” of the colonies?

A

Europe: Caste (or class) is based on where and to whom a person was born.
Colonies: Class was based on education, literacy, and/or wealth.

41
Q

What are some characteristics of people in the “Middle Class?”

A

Own a home, pay for an education, take vacations.

42
Q

Who were the people considered “Lower Class?”

A

Uneducated, endentured servants, slaves

43
Q

What groups of people were against slavery in the colonies?

A

Quakers, baptists, Methodists, evangelicals.

44
Q

How did those against slavery try to abolish it?

A

Sent petitions to Congress, ran for political office, and inundated people of the South with anti-slavery literature. They were called “Abolitionists”

45
Q

Colonial homes in New England often followed what distinct architectural style?

A

Saltbox

46
Q

Wealthy colonists lived in homes commonly referred to as what type of architecture?

A

Georgian Style

47
Q

“Among the Puritans, the family was considered a ________________”

A

The foundation for strong and godly community. A blessing.

48
Q

What are some characteristics of the colonial home and household?

A

Rectangular in shape.
Central doors.
Brick or wood siding.
Crown molding.
Fireplaces.
Central hallway.

49
Q

In Colonial times, who was the head of the family?

A

The father/male

50
Q

What roles did women play in Colonial times?

A

Women worked to maintain their homes and families.

51
Q

“Till death or distance do us part” was often part of slave marriage vows- why?

A

Southern slaves. This phrase meant that if one partner in the marriage were sold, the wedding vows were dissolved.

52
Q

What was a goal of slave owners in breaking up families?

A

To maintain control over the slave.

53
Q

What colony placed a strong emphasis on education?

A

Massachusetts

54
Q

What was a “dame school”?

A

A small private school for young children run by women.

55
Q

Latin, Greek, Math, Rhetoric, & Philosophy were commonly taught in what schools?

A

Grammar Schools

56
Q

A paddle shaped object with a thin covering of horn and contained the alphabet & Bible verses was called a what?

A

A Colonial Hornbook

57
Q

What region used “private tutors” most often?

A

The Southern Colonies

58
Q

What was most important for people being educated in the south?

A

Learn how to farm.

59
Q

What is Noah Webster famous for?

A

1st published American English Dictionary

60
Q

What is an “apprenticeship”?

A

A paid job that combines on-the-job training with classroom instruction. Apprentices learn valuable skills and gain experience in a trade or profession.

61
Q

Why was Yale University founded?

A

The goal was to preserve the tradition of European liberal education in the New World. To establish a theocracy and a college to educate its leaders.

62
Q

What university in Virginia established the 1st Law School in America?

A

William and Mary

63
Q

What did the early Puritans believe was one of their primary responsibilities?

A

Purify the Church of England

64
Q

What was the goal of the “Half-way Covenant”?

A

To allow the children of baptized but unconverted church members to be baptized and thus become church members and have political right

65
Q

The official church in the Southern Colonies was what church?

A

The Protestant Church

66
Q

What group of Protestants were from France?

A

The Huguenots

67
Q

What colony was primarily welcoming to Catholics?

A

Maryland

68
Q

What religious group followed the teachings of John Huss and conducted missions work to Slaves and Indians?

A

The Morovians

69
Q

What group of colonies was the most diverse with regard to religious practices?

A

The Middle Colonies

70
Q

What church celebrated the “12 Days of Christmas”?

A

Anglican Church

71
Q

Where did the Amish settle?

A

Pennsylvania

72
Q

What was the “Great Awakening”?

A

A religious revival that impacted the English colonies in America during the 1730s and 1740s.

73
Q

Who founded the “Log College”? What is it now?

A

William Tennent. Now it is Princeton University.

74
Q

Who played a key role in the “Great Awakening”? What did he do?

A

Jonathan Edwards. He was a preacher and apologist (using the bible to defend his faith). He helped revitalize religion in the colonial region.

75
Q

What movement stated that science and reason were the only ways to find truth?

A

Enlightenment

76
Q

What is “Deism”?

A

Belief in a God who created the world but has since remained indifferent to it

77
Q

What movement “denied the doctrine of the Trinity”?

A

Unitarians

78
Q

What famous preacher from England preached over 18,000 times in the Colonies?

A

George Whitefield

79
Q

Who was the main leader of the Great Awakening in the South?

A

Jonathan Edwards

80
Q

Where did people socialize (hang out) in Colonial times?

A

The Church

81
Q

List the 7 results of the “Great Awakening”

A

Many converts.
Increased missionary work.
Higher education.
Churches were broken up.
Increased distinction between church and state.
Led colonist to think about personal growth.
Led colonists to think about political freedom.

82
Q

What are some common tools used in Colonial America?

A

In colonial times, tools were designed by the craftsmen who used them. Knife-blades, plane blades, and axe heads were made by the iron workers and the craftsman would make his own wooden handle.

83
Q

Langauge of the 1st bible printed?

A

Algonquin, by the Puritan Church

History Ch 3-4 (1 decks)

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