History test Flashcards
The Wealth of Nations
A book written by Adams Smith marking the beginning of economics as a social science.
A book written by Adams Smith marking the beginning of economics as a social science.
The Wealth of Nations
Adam Smith
wrote “The Wealth of Nations” in which he made laws that he believed drove the choices of people. His laws were put to the test when the industrial revolution came around.
wrote “The Wealth of Nations” in which he made laws that he believed drove the choices of people. His laws were put to the test when the industrial revolution came around.
Adam Smith
Industrial Revolution
This was the time when lots of countries shifted the basis of their economy from agriculture to industry.
This was the time when lots of countries shifted the basis of their economy from agriculture to industry.
Industrial Revolution
Industrialization
What caused a new era of empire building. Industrial nations with wealth and power.
What caused a new era of empire building. Industrial nations with wealth and power.
Industrialization
French and Indian War (and date)
was also called the “seven years’ war” and the war was in 1754-1763 and would pave the way for the American revolution.
was also called the “seven years’ war” and the war was in 1754-1763 and would pave the way for the American revolution.
French and Indian War (and date)
Republicanism
belief in a form of government marked by separation of powers and representation of the people through elected officials.
belief in a form of government marked by separation of powers and representation of the people through elected officials.
Republicanism
French Revolution (and date)
began in 1789 ended 1799 and happened because of France’s mounting debt and near bankruptcy from warfare including helping during the American Revolution.
began in 1789 and happened because of France’s mounting debt and near bankruptcy from warfare including helping during the American Revolution.
French Revolution (and date)
Third Estate
during a meeting between estates/classes in hopes to resolve France’s financial crisis, the third estate who were known as the common people took over. They demanded political, economic, and social rights that they were denied by the other two classes.
during a meeting between estates/classes in hopes to resolve France’s financial crisis, the third estate who were known as the common people took over. They demanded political, economic, and social rights that they were denied by the other two classes.
Third Estate
Liberalism
a political ideology favoring individual political and economic freedom, with limits on state power.
a political ideology favoring individual political and economic freedom, with limits on state power.
Liberalism
Coup d’etat
A sudden violent overthrow of government.
A sudden violent overthrow of government.
Coup d’etat
Napoleon Bonaparte
The leader of the French army who ended the French Revolution and then went on to lead an army of conquest to dominate Europe.
The leader of the French army who ended the French Revolution and then went on to lead an army of conquest to dominate Europe.
Napoleon Bonaparte
Reign of Terror
In 1793 when 15000 enemies from the French Revolution, including several leaders, were executed.
In 1793 when 15000 enemies from the French Revolution, including several leaders, were executed.
Reign of Terror
Haitian Revolution
this was a revolt of slaves on a French colonized island in the Caribbean. It took place in 1791 and was led by Toussaint L’Ouverture who was a free black man. The island was renamed Haiti after the victory of the revolution.
this was a revolt of slaves on a French colonized island in the Caribbean. It took place in 1791 and was led by Toussaint L’Ouverture who was a free black man. The island was renamed Haiti after the victory of the revolution.
Haitian Revolution
Simon Bolivar
The leader of the northern army in South America during the Revolutions in Latin America.
The leader of the northern army in South America during the Revolutions in Latin America.
Simon Bolivar
Nationalism
Pride and devotion to one’s nation including the idea that people with a common language, culture, and history should have their own nation state.
Pride and devotion to one’s nation including the idea that people with a common language, culture, and history should have their own nation state.
Nationalism
The Revolutions of 1848 (Discuss at least four)
This was when several European states tried to stop Napoleon’s invasion and restore the monarchy that France had become. There was a revolt in Paris as well as protests that broke out in Austria, Germany and Italy.
This was when several European states tried to stop Napoleon’s invasion and restore the monarchy that France had become. There was a revolt in Paris as well as protests that broke out in Austria, Germany and Italy.
The Revolutions of 1848 (Discuss at least four)
Capital
Wealth in the form of money or resources that are used to produce other goods.
Wealth in the form of money or resources that are used to produce other goods.
Capital
Imperialism and “New” Imperialism
Imperialism is when a state takes political and economic control of areas beyond its borders. “New imperialism” was when Europeans used native people and colonists to trade with to get what they wanted. This was materials like precious metals, spices and sugars, and slaves. The colonists set up their own form of imperialism though creating legal systems and culture and language.
Imperialism is when a state takes political and economic control of areas beyond its borders. “New imperialism” was when Europeans used native people and colonists to trade with to get what they wanted. This was materials like precious metals, spices and sugars, and slaves. The colonists set up their own form of imperialism though creating legal systems and culture and language.
Imperialism and “New” Imperialism
Explain how anti-West sentiment drove uprisings in Japan and China. Where did this anti-West sentiment come from? (What provoked it?)
China had the most imperial interest from the west. In the mid 1800s Britain, France and Germany all wanted China’s massive markets that had lots of customers. They wanted to join the trade. Japan had also become stronger economically and had a better military. Japan had fought China and gained control of the Korean Peninsula while western powers continued their efforts, gaining power over parts of Asia like Indochina, Singapore and parts of Malaya.
Explain at least four new innovations that changed the world in the Industrial Revolution.
Britain had new fiber spinning/weaving technologies like the spinning jenny and the water frame that would speed up textile production. The steam engine was another British invention and it replaced waterpower in many places and the use of coal energy. A system of canals and railroads was another thing the British built. Cotton from the southern United states supplied Britain and then merchants would trade the cotton to other countries like China.
Explain what industrial capitalism means. Define capitalism. (look at p. 189)
Industrial capitalism was the way European merchants profited from products. They developed business skills to support industry. Capitalism is the economic system in which resources are privately owned and markets determine how they’re sold.
Define socialism.
socialism is a different economic system from capitalism in which the government owns resources and determines how they’re sold and distributed.
Explain the “scramble for Africa.”
In 1869 the Suez Canal opened which allowed easier trade routes from Britain to India. A “scramble in Africa” began though when this trade route was threatened to get cut off. European powers began claiming territory in Africa.
Explain how imperialism played out in Asia
China lost their power over Korea to Japan and China became weak. This was where western imperialism took place and they forced China to trade with them since they were stronger. They also started strategic ports and took territory in China. Other countries were able to take advantage of China because China was weak.
-Imperialism
A policy in which a state takes political and economic control of an area beyond its borders
A policy in which a state takes political and economic control of an area beyond its borders
-Imperialism
White Man’s Burden”
- This was a poem but the overall meaning behind “White Man’s Burden” is representing the way Europeans thought that they were the superior race and so they would try to civilize the lesser or “backward peoples of foreign lands.
- This was a poem but the overall meaning behind “White Man’s Burden” is representing the way Europeans thought that they were the superior race and so they would try to civilize the lesser or “backward peoples of foreign lands.
-“White Man’s Burden”
