History Test Flashcards
Amnesty
Granting a pardon to a large group of people
black codes
- Laws passed in south just after civil war
- controlling freedmen, enabling plantation owners to exploit African American workers
Poll tax
A tax of a fixed amount per person had to be paid before could vote. Goes against 15th ADM.
Segregation
Seperation of a race,class,group
Freedman
A man legally freed from slavery
Carpetbagger
Name given to northeners who moved to south after Civil War and supported republicans
Sharecropper
landless farmers who gave their landlords a LARGE portion of their crops as rent
Scalawag
name given to Southerners who supported the Republicans and Reconstruction of the South
Lincoln plan
- In 1863, President Lincoln granted amnesty to Southerners who took an oath of loyalty and accepted the Union’s slavery proclamations.
- However, certain individuals, like former Confederate officials, could not take the oath or be pardoned
- In 1865, Lincoln aimed for a moderate policy to reconcile the South with the Union.
Johnson’s plan
Johnson’s restoration program pardoned former Confederate citizens who pledged loyalty to the Union and returned their property, excluding officers and officials.
Radicals plan
- Radical Republicans in Congress resisted Lincoln’s plan to reconcile with the South
- They had three main goals: preventing Confederate leaders from returning to power, creating a powerful Republican Party in the South, and guaranteeing the right to vote for African Americans
- Many Radical Republicans were abolitionists and believed in political equality for all men.
What was the literacy test?
Read in order 2 vote. Goes against 15th ADM.
What was the poll tax?
A tax of a fixed amount per person had to be paid before could vote. Goes against 15th ADM.
Explain the Jim Crow Laws
Laws for forced segregation
Explain Plessy vs Ferguson
Separate but equal
How did Reconstruction end
- The rising power of the Democrats made enforcing Reconstruction more difficult
- At the same time, many Northerners became more concerned with their own economic problems than with conditions in the South.
Who imposed the 5 military districts?
previous Union generals
Which state was not under the military districts?
Tennessee
Explain sharecropping and how it relates to cycle of poverty
Low crop prices and the inability of farmers to pay off their debts
Explain the impeachment of Johnson
He was impeached in 1868 for dismissing Secretary of War Edwin Stanton without the approval of the Senate
.
What were some Republican reforms
- They repealed the black codes and made many more state offices elective
- They established state hospitals and rebuilt roads, railways, and bridges.
also established a system of public schools.
Explain the political groups in the south. Which political group did african americans join in the South? At the end Reconstruction which political party emerged in the South?
Political groups in the south =
What were some the success and failures of reconstruction?
- reconstruction saw successes like the establishment of the Freedmen’s Bureau, which aided former slaves,
- and the ratification of the 14th and 15th Amendments, guaranteeing civil rights
- However, failures included persistent racial violence, the rise of Jim Crow laws, and insufficient economic support for newly freed African Americans.
