history test 1

Question 1

Thomas Hobbes- major ideas

Answer 1

believed people were bad, supported absolute monarchy, life is constant warfare without governemnt

Question 2

Thomas Hobbes- influence on government

Answer 2

wrote book of his views on government, thinks government is good bc it controls peoples impulses, HOBBS SUPPORTED MONARCHY

Question 3

John Locke- major ideas

Answer 3

thot people were good, natural rights- life liberty, property

Question 4

john locke- influence on government

Answer 4

protected people’s rights

Question 5

Voltaire- major ideas

Answer 5

freedom of speech, freedom of religion

Question 6

Voltaire- influence on government

Answer 6

U.S. bill of rights in constitution - 1st amendment

Question 7

Montesquieu- major ideas

Answer 7

checks and balances (seperation of power- limit power in government

Question 8

Montesquieu- influence on government

Answer 8

executive, legislative, traditional

Question 9

Rousseau- major ideas

Answer 9

the social contract- citizen agreement

Question 10

What was the Enlightenment?

Answer 10

attempted to explain the purpose of government, and describe the best form of it

Question 11

Mayflower Compact

Answer 11

1620- pilgrims landed at plymoth rock, massachusets; 1st written contract of “just and equal laws for the good of colony”’ established people as the source of government power; government represents “will of the people”

Question 12

Fundamental Orders of Conneticut

Answer 12

1639- 1st written contitution into the colonies, all conneticut men given the right to vote, established a governor and court judgeships to be elected annually

Question 13

New England Town England

Answer 13

1600’s- massachusets colony, meetings held when weather permitted, allowed open/free discussion of all public matter, puritan men and property owners could vote, established local laws and elected local officials

Question 14

House of Burgesses

Answer 14

1619- 1st representative legislature in the colonies, 2nd representative sent to the house from each colonial settlement in Virginia, representatives were trusted by the people to vote on local laws and resolve local

Question 15

Maryland Toleration Act

Answer 15

1649- allowed religious freedom in the colony of Maryland

Question 16

republic

Answer 16

a state in which the supreme power rests with citizens who are entitled to vote and is exercised by representatives chosen directly or indirectly by them

Question 17

what happened to the size of the british colonies in NA between 1754 and 1763

Answer 17

the size of british colonies grew

Question 18

who were other european colonies that had colonies in NA between 1754 and 1763

Answer 18

spanish/french

Question 19

french and indian war

Answer 19

1755-1763; great britain vs. france, fighting over land-colonial NA, (1763)-Britian defeated france

Question 20

treaty(agreement) of Paris

Answer 20

-france gave up huge area of land in central NA to the British

Question 21

important problems for great britain created by treaty of paris

Answer 21

britain accumulated massive debt from the french and indian war

Question 22

solutions for britain problems from treaty of paris

Answer 22

proclomation in 1763 issued and british increases taxes on colonists in NA

Question 23

British increased taxes on colonists in NA

Answer 23

ended the system of salutary neglect

Question 24

procolamation of 1763

Answer 24

denied colonists access to new lands west of the Appalachian Mountains

Question 25

sugar act

Answer 25

1764- british law designed to raise revenue from american colonists in 13 colonies; set sax on sugar/molasses imported into colonies which impacted manufacture of rum in NE

Question 26

quartering act

Answer 26

1765 - Required the colonials to provide food, lodging, and supplies for the British troops in the colonies.

Question 27

Stamp act

Answer 27

1765; law that taxed printed goods, including: playing cards, documents, newspapers, etc.

Question 28

Townshend act

Answer 28

(1767) A set of laws passed by Parliament after Stamp Act crisis, that stated new taxes would be applied only to imported goods, paid at the port of entry. (glass, tea, paper, lead, etc.)- taxed specific products- they became expensive

Question 29

intolerabl acts

Answer 29

(annoying for colonists) 1774- closed part of boston until colonists pay for boston tea party tea

Question 30

paint, wood, and glass were taxed during the townshend acts in 1676. What were these products used for?

Answer 30

paint- used to preserve wood, lead- used in bullets, glass- windows

Question 31

Declatory acts

Answer 31

(demand) 1766- british change laws in colonies at any time for any reason

Question 32

Sons of liberty

Answer 32

-formed in 1765 in response to stamp act, tarred/feathered, burned homes of tax collectors, organized boycotts of british goods, got STAMP ACT REPEALED

Question 33

Boston Massacre

Answer 33

3/5/1770- british redcoats killed 5 american colonists protesting townshend acts, sparks outrage among colonists

Question 34

boston tea party

Answer 34

12-16-1773- american colonists, angry at british for imposing “taxation without representation”, dumped 342 chests of tea, imported by british east india company, into boston harbor

Question 35

first continental congress

Answer 35

9/5/1774- 56 representatives from colonies(except Georgia), meeting to discuss situation with Britain