history term 4 Flashcards
What were the aims of the Nazi Foreign Policy?
To restore German status as a great power by overturning the humiliating Treaty of Versailles by regaining control of land lost in 1919, uniting German diaspora into one Reich through the creation of a Großdeutschland and acquire lebensraum in Eastern Europe.
Outline German aggression from 1935 and onwards.
During the 1930s, Hitler followed a foreign policy that became increasingly aggressive. In 1935, Germany broke the Treaty of Versailles when conscription was reintroduced to expand the army, introducing rearmament. In 1936, Germany moved troops into the Rhineland, which was supposed to be demilitarised. in 1938, German troops crossed the border of Austria, which became part of Großdeutschland. In 1939, the Munich agreement was made between the British, French and Germany which allowed Germany to occupy Sudentenland in Czechoslovakia.
What was the League of Nations and what were its strengths and weaknesses?
The League of Nations was established by the Treaty of Versailles, which aimed to stop wars, encourage disarmament and improve working and living conditions. Its strength were that it was set up by the Treaty of Versailles which every country signed and offered arbitration through the ICJ. Its weaknesses were that it was set up by the Treaty of Versailles, which many nations hated as its aims were too ambitious and was cumbersome, lacked a standing army, and lacked the US as a member.
What was the Appeasement Policy?
The Appeasement Policy was Britain’s policy in the 1930s of giving Hitler what he wanted in order to prevent him from going to war.
What were some reasons for the Appeasement Policy?
Some reasons included that the British people wanted peace and would not have supported a war in 1938, British armed forces were not ready for a war, many people admired Hitler and that Chamberlain believed that another war would destroy civilisation.
What were the results of the Appeasement Policy?
Some results included that Czechoslovakia was weakened and Poland and Hungary took other land, Hitler decided that Britain and France feared him and would not stop him, Russia decided that war between Germany and Britain and France was inevitable and the people of Britain realised that war was inevitable and war morale was improved.
What were the three elements of Japan’s Foreign Policy?
The three elements of Japan’s Foreign Policy was their fear of outside aggression stemming from its previous experience with the western imperial powers, especially with China’s humiliation by Britain, growing Japanese nationalism as they believed that the Japanese were ethnically superior and emperors were direct descendants of the sun goddess Amaterasu and the need for natural resources as Japan’s aggression against China caused western countries to embargo key supplies and the Japanese archipelago is not rich in mineral resources such as oil, iron and rubber.
what is japan’s aggression timeline
In the 1930s, Japan’s nationalists were dominant in their aggressive expansionist foreign policy. In 1931, Japan invaded Manchuria through military aggression. In 1937, Japan invaded the rest of China as they had the necessary resources to fuel their military aggression and space for their growing population. In 1940 the Tripartite Pact was formed and forced the Rome Berlin Tokyo axis.
Outline the occurrences of Pearl Harbour and its causes.
On December 7 1941, the Japanese military launched a surprise on the United States naval base at Pear Harbour. The Japanese believed that by attacking the ships and aircraft located at Pearl Harbour, the USA would be unprepared to go to war and defend themselves as they would not have the necessary resources. Furthermore, the US had imposed sanctions on Japan’s assets and trade, which prevented Japan’s expansionism, so they believed that bombing would prompt the US to negotiate peace.
What were some outcomes of Pearl Harbour?
As a result of the attack launched on Pearl Harbour, the USA declared war on Japan on the 8th of December in 1941. Japan had anticipated that they would render the US unable to fight back for two years, but six months later, US forces defeated Japan in the Battle of Midway, destroying four Japanese aircraft carriers in the process. In 1945, the US utilised atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. This prompted their surrender on the 15th of August thus ending WWII.
What were features of the Cold War?
The Cold War occurred between the US and the Soviet Union as well as their allies from 1946 to 1991. This was characterised by an aggressive arms and space race and proxy wars. This occurred due to their ideological differences as the United States were capitalist and operated a policy of containment while the Soviet Union was communist and operated a policy of expansionism.
What was the purpose of the use of propaganda in the cold war?
The use of propaganda in the cold war was designed to create ideological unity amongst a country’s people and unify them in favour of their government’s actions. This was intended to assure people that spending was worthwhile on space race and arms race and to prevent citizens from defecting or sympathising with the ideology of the enemy.
Describe the nature of French rule in Vietnam.
In 1847, French colonial forces used Vietnam and Indochina for natural resources. In 1859, the French empire captured the city of Saigon and thus controlled Indochina. By 1887, the French had successfully imperialised Vietnam, with the independent states of Vietnam ceasing to exist and forming the Union of French Indochina. The French administration of Indochina was based on repression and exploitation, where attempts were made to replace the Vietnamese education system in the native tongue with lessons in French and exploitation occurred economically via an established monopoly on trade in salt, opium and alcohol.
What was the purpose of the Geneva Conference and what were the Geneva Accords?
In April 1954, a conference chaired by Britain and the Soviet Union, with representatives from France, Communist China, the Viet Minh, North Vietnam and other countries, met in Geneva to discuss the future of Indochina. The key outcomes of the conference were contained in the Geneva Accords which included the declaration of a ceasefire in the Indochina war and the formal division of Vietnam and an agreement stipulating that free elections were to be held in Vietnam in 1956 and the return of refugees. The Geneva Conference also saw Cambodia and Laos declared as fully independent states.
List the propaganda source analysis elements.
Stereotyping, transfer, plain folks (the same ideas of the vast majority of people), bandwagon (accept their point or view or miss out), deification, misuse of statistics and fear.
