history, term 1, first civil war Flashcards
When was Charles I coronated?
2nd of February, 1626
When was Charles I excecuted?
16th of August, 1649
What did Charles I believe he had?
The Divine right of Kings
How many years were Parliament shut down for?
11 years
Why did Charles ignore parliament/ shut it down for 11 years?
He wanted more power
Who lead the parliamentarians?
Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell introduced the…
New model Army
Who took over after Oliver Cromwell?
His son
What happened to Oliver Cromwell son?
Parliament thought he wasn’t a good fit
Who took over after Oliver Cromwells son?
Charles II
Who was Charles I married to?
Henrietta Maria of France
Who was Charles II brother?
James II
Why couldn’t any of Charles II children take the throne when he died?
They were all Illegitimate
Who took over after Charles II?
His brother James II
Who was Charles II married to?
Catherine of Braganza, princess of Portugal
What were the two sides of the English civil war?
Royalists, Parliamentarians
Why did Parliament not like when James II came to power?
He was Catholic
What religion was Oliver Cromwell?
Puritan
Why did Parliament prefer James’ daughter Mary over James?
She was Protestant
Why did James II give up the throne?
He was scared of the army his daughter and son in law, Mary and William of Orange, had amassed
What title did Oliver Cromwell give himself?
Lord Protector
What year did Oliver Cromwell die?
3rd September, 1658
When did Charles II come to power?
23rd April, 1661
What years did the First English Civil War take place?
1642 to 1651
Who were the main opposing forces in the First English Civil War?
The Royalists (Cavaliers) and the Parliamentarians (Roundheads)
True or False: The First English Civil War was primarily fought over issues of religion and governance.
True
Fill in the blank: The First English Civil War began when King Charles I attempted to arrest five members of _______.
Parliament
What was the name of the document that outlined the grievances of Parliament against King Charles I?
The Grand Remonstrance
Which battle is considered the first major battle of the First English Civil War?
The Battle of Edgehill
What was the outcome of the Battle of Naseby in 1645?
A decisive victory for the Parliamentarians
Who was the leader of the New Model Army?
Oliver Cromwell
True or False: The New Model Army was formed by the Royalists.
False
What was the primary goal of the Parliamentarians during the war?
To limit the power of the monarchy and establish parliamentary sovereignty
Multiple choice: Which of the following was a key advantage for the Parliamentarians? A) Stronger cavalry B) Better funding C) Control of London
C) Control of London
What significant event occurred in 1646 regarding King Charles I?
He surrendered to the Scots.
Fill in the blank: The _______ Agreement was a peace treaty proposed to end the conflict.
Newcastle
What was one consequence of the First English Civil War?
The establishment of the Commonwealth of England.
True or False: The First English Civil War ended with the execution of King Charles I.
False
What role did religion play in the First English Civil War?
It was a significant factor, with conflicts between Anglicans, Puritans, and Catholics.
Which group was known for their radical religious views during the First English Civil War?
The Levellers
Multiple choice: What event marked the end of the First English Civil War? A) The Restoration B) The Second English Civil War C) The Treaty of Uxbridge
B) The Second English Civil War
What was the significance of the Battle of Marston Moor?
It was one of the largest battles and a turning point for the Parliamentarians.
Fill in the blank: The _______ was a military organization that played a crucial role in the Parliamentarian victory.
New Model Army
Who was the King of England during the First English Civil War?
King Charles I
True or False: The First English Civil War resulted in the establishment of a constitutional monarchy.
False
What was the role of the Scots in the First English Civil War?
They initially supported the Parliamentarians against the King.
What was one of the main reasons for the Parliamentarians’ success?
Effective leadership and military organization.
Multiple choice: Which battle concluded with the capture of King Charles I? A) Battle of Naseby B) Battle of Edgehill C) Battle of Marston Moor
A) Battle of Naseby
What was the fate of King Charles I after the war?
He was executed in 1649.
