Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MD3002 Clinical > History Taking: GU > Flashcards

History Taking: GU Flashcards

1
Q

What is the standard formula for a histroy taking?

A
  • Introduction
  • Presenting complaint
  • History of presenting complaint
  • Past medical history
  • Drug history
  • Family history
  • Social history
  • Systems enquiry
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is dysuria?

A

Pain when urinating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is haematuria?

A

Blood in urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is nocturia?

A

Passing urine during the night

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is anuria?

A

Not passing any urine at all

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is oliuria?

A

Passing smal amounts of urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is polyuria?

A

Passing a large amount of urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the two types of haematuria?

A
  • Micro - not visible blood

- Macro/frank - visible blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What can bladder cancer present with?

A

Macro haematuria w/o pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How can you ask about / detectpolyuria?

A
  • Ask about passing more urine than normal
  • Excessive urine output of greater than 2.5-3L in 24 hrs
  • Can be detected on catheter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What should you ask in relation to urine outflow?

A
  • Frequency
  • Terminal dribbling
  • Hesitancy
  • Pain (suprapubic/flank/loin)
  • Incontinence
  • Urgency
  • Incomplete emptying
  • Flow/stream
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What can be the causes of incontinence?

A
  • Stress
  • Result of sphincter weakness
  • Small leak of urine when intra-abdominal pressure rises
  • E.g coughing, laughing, sneezing, standing up
  • Urge
  • Usual cause is detrusor instability
  • Strong desire to void and rush to go
  • “Didn’t get there in time”
  • Overflow
  • Usually due to outflow obstruction
  • Distended bladder palpable

Neurological

  • Autonomic neuropathy
  • Spinal cord injury
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the associated symptoms in regards to the urinary system?

A
  • Vomiting
  • Fever
  • Malaise
  • Anorexia
  • Weight loss
  • Fatigue / lack of energy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What symptoms are commonly associated with UTIs and cysitis?

A

Dysuria, frequency, urgency, suprapubic discomfort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What symptoms are commonly associated with pyelonephritis?

A

Systemic upset, fever, rigors, vomitting, flank pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What symptoms are commonly associated with prostate problems? (bnign prostate hypertrophy, prostate cancer)

A

Slow flow, hesitancy, incomplete emptying, dribbling, nocturia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Desribe the symptoms associated with upper urinary tract obstruction

A
  • Dull ache in flank / loin
  • Polyuria -> anuria
  • Causes can be:
    Tumour (renal, ureter)
    Stricture
    Calculi
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe the symptoms associated with urinary tract obstruction of the bladder outlet?

A
  • Hesitancy
  • Poor stream
  • Terminal dribbling
  • Sense of incomplete emptying
  • Possible retention (+ overflow)
  • Infection
  • Causes, e.g:
    Benign prostatic hypertrophy
    Prostate cancer
    Pelvic tumour (gynae)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a colic pain?

A
  • A pain that starts and stops abruptly
  • Occurs due to muscular contractions of a hollow tube (colon, gall bladder, ureter, etc.) in an attempt to relieve an obstruction by forcing content out.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What questions should you ask about urethral discharge/

A
  • Amount
  • Smell
  • Bloody
  • Associated symptoms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What questions should you ask in relation to testicular pain?

A
  • Any link to trauma
  • Link to other illness / symptoms (e.g mumps)
  • Speed of onset and severity
  • Associated swelling / redness / tenderness / discharge
22
Q

What questions should you ask in relation to testicular lumps?

A
  • Unilateral / bilateral
  • Location
  • Associated symptoms
  • Hard / soft
  • Regular / irregular
  • Consider testicular cancer
23
Q

What syndrome is associated with joint, eye or GI symptoms as well as urethral discharge?

A

Reiter’s syndrome

24
Q

What causes genital warts?

A

Human Papilloma virus

25
Q

What does acute prostatitis commonly present with?

A
  • Pelvic, perineal or scrotal pain
  • Fever
  • Systemic upset
26
Q

What does chronic prostatitis commonly present with?

A

Chronic pelvic/perineal/scrotal pain and urinary symptoms

27
Q

What does urethritis usually present with?

A
  • Discharge
  • Dysuria
  • Other urinary symptoms
28
Q

What do testicular tumours commonly present with?

A

Painless hard swelling of body of testes

29
Q

What does testicular torsion usually present with?

A

Acutely painful swollen unilateral testicle

30
Q

What is dyspareunia?

A

Painful intercourse

  • Deep
  • Superficial
31
Q

What is dysmenorrhoea?

A

Painful periods

32
Q

What is menorrhagia?

A

`Heavy periods

  • Clots
  • Flooding
33
Q

What is inter menstraul bleeding (IMB)?

A

Bleeding between periods

34
Q

What is bleeding after the menopause called (occuring after 12 months of amenorrhoea)?

A

Post menopausal bleeding

35
Q

What is bleeding after intercourse called?

A

Post Coital Bleeding (PCB)

36
Q

What is priamary and secondary amenorrhoea?

A
  • Primary - no period by age 14 years (in absence of secondary sexual characteristics) or 16 (if other features are developing normally)
  • Secondary - had periods but now stopped for 6 consecutive months
37
Q

What is considered premature menopause?

A

Before 40 years of age = premature menopause or premature ovarian insufficiency

38
Q

What is the usual range of time between periods?

A

21 to 35 days (average is 28)

39
Q

What is the average blood loss during a period?

A

50 - 200 mls and averages 70 mls

40
Q

What does gravida mean?

A

Number of times a woman has been pregnant

41
Q

What does para mean?

A

Number of times a woman has given birth to a foetus with a gestational age of 24 weeks or more

42
Q

What does NVD mean?

A

Normal Vaginal Delivery

43
Q

What can unexpected bleeding be related to?

A

Endometrial or cervical pathology

44
Q

What percentage of PMBs are cervical cancer?

A

10%

45
Q

What can an ectopic pregnancy present with?

A

Bleeding early in pregnancy with RIF/LIF pain

46
Q

What would you usually diagnose an individual who has PV discharge + itch and is otherwise well?

A

Thrush

47
Q

What is libido?

A

Sexual desire

48
Q

What is coitus interruptus

A

“pull out method”

49
Q

What should you include in a drug history?

A 
- Meds, allergies 
Also consider 
- Long term meds 
- Recent changes 
- Names of contraceptive pills 
- HRT
- Drugs that cause renal impairment 
- Drugs associated with sexual dysfunction 
- OTC meds 
- NSAIDs
50
Q

What should you consider in a Social history?

A
  • Alcohol, cigarettes, occupation, social fnc, ADLs
  • Exposure to chemical carcinogens (bladder ca)
  • Foreign travel (schistosomiasis)
  • Dehydration during holiday in a hot climate (impact on kidneys)
  • Non prescription drugs; effects of cannabis on sexual function
  • Working in hot enviroments e.g kitchen, and effect on male fertility

MD3002 Clinical (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions