History Taking And Physical Flashcards
Intertriginous skin
Armpits
Inguinal area
Largest organ of the body
Part of a whole being
Reflect systemic or psychological disorders
Assist in diagnosis
Skin
Examining scalp
Presence of hair Pigments Thinness/thickness of hair Dandruff Arrangement of hair Infection - tangled hair Alopecia ariata/totalis - fungi Rashes
Thickening of the skin
Maybe an adaptation or familial
Hyper keratosis palmaris
Localized change in the color of the skin with no elevation or infiltration
Less than 1cm in diameter
Non-palpable
Macule
Small solid elevated lesion
May be flat topped, conical, polyhedral
Less than 1cm
Smooth or scaly when related to hair follicle
Papules
Solid elevated lesion of the skin whose greater portion is situated deeper in the skin or subcutaneous tissue
>5mm in diameter
Trichoepithelioma
Neurofibromas
Nodule
Define tumor
larger deeply circumscribed solid growth of infiltrationa of the skin whether benign or malignant whose greater portion projects above the surface of the skin
Large flat solid elevation usually of an irregular geometric pattern
Palpable
Plaque
Examples of plaque
Psoriasis
Fungal lesions
Eczema
Closed sac lines by epidermal epithelium filled with keratin materials
Cyst
Large unelevated lesion similar to a macule
Greater than 1cm
Patch
Differentiating factor for herpes zoster and herpes simplex
Recurrences (simplex)
Dermal distribution
Small collection of fluid either in the epidermis or between epidermis and dermis
Vesicle
Ex. Chicken pox, small blisters
Collection of fluid larger than a vesicles in the epidermis
Bulla
Superficial collection of pus
Pustules
Ex. Folliculitis, boils, acne
Primary or elemental lesions
Basic lesions
Special lesions
Modified lesions
Type of basic. Lesions
Macule
Papules
Types of modified lesions
Nodule Tumor Plaque Patch Cyst Vesicles Bulla Pustules
Special lesions
Wheal Millium Cornedo Burrow Scutulum Telangiectasia Hemorrhage Papilloma
Transient aberration of the skin
Subsides when you don’t scratch
Get bigger when you do
Wheal
Papules of 1-2nm diameter contains sebaceous or cornified material, has no opening
Millium
Plug of sebum or keratin retained in pilosebaceous follicle
Comedenes
Eg. White black heads
Secondary or consecutive lesions
Scale Crust Excoriation Lichenification Erosion Ulceration Pigmentation Fissure Atrophy
Results if serum blood and pus dry in the skin
Crust or langib
Superficial loss of skin and mucous membrane
Excoriation
Serpentine excavation or passage satin the epidermis
Animal infestation - bacteria
Burrow
Shallow cup or saucer shapes crust distinctive of favic infection
Scutulum
Grossy visible dilations of new formations of small blood vessels
Telangiectasia
Extravasation of blood
Hemorrhages
May be classified further as petechia, eccymoses, varices, hematoses
Finger like projections
Papilloma
Widespread increase or decease in melanin
Uses to describe large areas discoloration by iron pigment
Pigmentation
Sunspots, an an
Thin, whitened slightly sunken in epidermis which wrinkles easily
Can be causes by strong topical steroid
Atrophy
What to look for in physical exam of skin
Distribution
Extent involvement
Patterns
Characteristics patterns of distribution
Arrangement
Shape
Color
Texture
Moisture
Induration
Borders
Arrangement
Annular Grouped Linear Zoseteriform Confluent Gyrate Polycyclic
Shapes
Round
Oblong
Irregulars
Pedunculated
Color if diffuse
Brown
Reddish brown
Ivory white
Purplish
Color if circumscribed
Red Orange Yellow Green Brown Black
Superficial loss of epidermis down the basal later without leaving a scar
Erosion
Crack in the skin which destroys elasticity of the skin
Fissure
Thickened and infiltrated yellowish brown or reddish brown skin with exaggerated lines or folds
Lichenification
Parts of dermatological history
Present dermatological illness General history Review of systems Past medical dermatological history Family medical history Social history Sexual history Dermatological history
