History Taking Flashcards
Acute cough
(<3 wks)
.upper respiratory tract infection
.pneumonia
.congestive cardiac failure
Subacute cough
(3- 8 weeks)
.postal nasal drip
.GERD
.post infective
Chronic cough
> 8 wks
• Bronchial Asthma
• Post nasal drip
• GERD
• Drugs like ACE inhibitors
• Eosinophilic bronchitis
• Pulmonary Tuberculosis
• COPD
• Bronchogenic carcinoma
• Congestive cardiac failure
Nocturnal cough
• Post nasal drip.
• GERD
• Chronic brochitis.
• Bronchial asthma.
• Obstructive sleep apnea
• Left Ventricular Failure
• Aspiration
Serous sputum
–(like water) Upper Respiratory tract Infection, Bronchoalvelolar carcinoma
Mucoid sputum
– (like jelly) Chronic bronchitis, Bronchial Asthma
Mucopurulent sputum
Bacterial infection
Yellow / Green sputum
Bacterial infection
Black sputum
Coal Worker Pneumoconiosis
Pink frothy sputum
Pulmonary edema
Rusty sputum
Pneumococcal Pneumonia
Red currant jelly sputum-
Klebsiella
Blood tinged / streaking of sputum-
Tuberculosis
Anchovy sauce sputum
Ruptured amoebic abscess
Foul smell
– Lung abscess – Bronchiectasis – Anaerobic bacterial infection
DYSPNEA Within minutes
– Pneumothorax – Pulmonary embolism – Inhalation of foreign body – Laryngeal edema – Left heart failure
DYSPNEA Hours to Days
– Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – Bronchial Asthma – Pneumonia – Left heart failure
DYSPNEA Weeks to Months
– COPD – ILD – Pleural effusion – Anemia – Thyrotoxicosis – Left ventricular failure
Grading dyspnea
Causes of hemoptysis
Infections – TB – Lung Abscess – Bronchiectasis – Pneumonia – Fungal infection (aspergillosis blastomycosis)
– Bronchogenic ca – Bronchial adenoma – Metastatic tumour
• Cardiovascular system Pulmonary embolism Mitral stenosis AV malformation Pulmonary HT
• Collagen vascular disorder Vasculitis Wegener’s granulomatosis (GPA) Microscopic polyangitis Churgstrasuss syndrome (EGPA) Goodpastures’s syndrome
• Traumatic • Iatrogenic • Bleeding disorder
Causes of chest pain
• Upper – Tracheatis
• Mid and Lower Aortic disseciton MI Mediastinitis Mediastinal tumor GERD Achalasia cardia Diffuse esophageal spasm
Pleural Inflammation
Catchy pain, increases on deep inspiration and on pressure is stabbing in character.
Pancoast tumor
shoulder and arm pain due to compression of C8, T1
-2 roots is sharp shooting pain along the course of nerve.
Pancoast tumor
shoulder and arm pain due to compression of C8, T1
-2 roots is sharp shooting pain along the course of nerve.
Erosion of ribs
constant dull aching chest pain.
Tietze’s syndrome
costochondritis (usually 2nd costochondral junction), unknown etiology.
