History, Society, Customs, Culture Flashcards
Squanto
Native American Algonquian. Helped early English settlers survive harsh winter
Pocahontas
Algonquian Native American - Became famous as a liaison with John Smith’s Jamestown colony in 1607
Sacagawea
Served a vital roll in the Lewis and Clark expedition 1805
Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull
Led Sioux and Cheyenne troops in the Battle of Little Bighorn in 1876. Defeated George Armstrong Custer
Chief Joseph
a leader of the Nez Perce who supported peaceful interaction with white settlers. Attempted to relocate his tribe to Canada instead of being moved to a reservation.
Who and when was a sea route discovered from Europe to Asia.
The Portuguese in 1498.
When did the first African slaves arrive in Virginia?
1619
When was slavery abolished?
December 18th, 1865 with the 13th amendment
The Sugar Act
1764, required taxes to be collected on molasses brought into the colonies and gave British officials the right to search the homes of anyone suspected of violating it
The Stamp Act
1765 - taxed printed materials such as newspapers and legal documents
The Quartering Act
1765 - required colonists to supply accommodations and supplies to British troops
The Townshend Acts
1767 - taxed paper, lead, paint, and tea that came into the colonies
Tea Act
Allowed East Indian trading company to sell tea at much lower prices, bypassing American distributers, and selling directly to shopkeepers. Led to the Boston Tea Party
Treaty of Paris
1783 - Britain recognized the United States as an Independent Nation.
Virginia Plan
Representation in Congress should be based off of state population size
New Jersey Plan
Each State should have equal representation
The Great Compromise
Led to our current system. Senate and House of Representatives.
Marbury V. Madison
Set precedent for the supreme court to nullify laws it found to be unconstitutional
Horace Mann
Helped change American attitudes about education and suggested reforms to the American education system.
Cotton Gin
A machine that decreased the processing time of cotton and was a major factor in the rapid expansion of cotton production in the South
Henry Clay
The Great Compromiser
The Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854
Popular sovereignty used to determine whether a slave state or not, went against the great compromise of 1850. Beginning of the break up of the union
Popular Sovereignty
Idea that people in new states should be allowed to choose for themselves whether they wanted slavery or not
Dredd Scott Decision
Supreme court ruled Dredd Scott was not a citizen since he was a slave. He could not sue and laws did not apply. Also ruled the Missouri compromise was unconstitutional
Thirteenth Amendment
December 18th 1865 - Outlawed Slavery
Fourteenth Amendment
Overturned the Dread Scott Decision - Any person born or naturalized in the US were guaranteed rights, equal protection by all states. Guaranteed citizens regardless of race to file a lawsuit or serve on a jury
Fifteenth Amendment
Black Suffrage - No citizen can be denied the right to vote based on race
Naturalization Act
1870 - Put limits on US citizenship. Only allowing whites and those of African descent
Immigration Act of 1882
Taxed immigrants.
Smith-Lever Act
1914-Provided cooperative programs to help educate people about food, home economics, community development and agriculture.
Walter Hunt, Elias Howe, Isaac Singer
Invented the sewing machine
Nikola Tesla
invented the alternating current motor
George Eastmen
Invented the Kodak camera
Charles Goodyear
Invented vulcanized rubber
Cyrus McCormick
Invented the Reaper
George Westinghouse
Invented the transformer and the air brake
Scalawags and Carpetbaggers
Scalawags were southern whites aligned with freedmen to take over local governments. Carpetbaggers were northerners who traveled south for various reasons after the war. Some to help, some to take advantage of the economic and political instability
