History & Social Studies Flashcards
contributions from around the world:
contributions from around the world:
China contributions
gunpowder and fireworks, compass, silk and ink.
Egypt contributions
papyrus, Pyramids, Sports
India contributions
Tea, The number zero and the decimal system, Caste
system (A person is born into a caste and can’t move up or down. Unlike the Class system in the US where people have more flexibility in status.)
Greece contributions
money, the steam engine, Democracy, the Olympics
Bantu Tribes contributions
contributed to the languages in Africa. Over 70% of
the languages spoken in modern Africa are based on the nomadic Bantu tribes who also spread the use of metal making or metallurgical skills.
Political System: Democracy
Rule by majority
Political System: Monarchy
Rule by monarch Tribal Structure where authority rests with the absolute ruler. Monarchies are one of the oldest political systems known.
Political System: Republic
(rule by law) The first recorded republic was in India in the 6th century BC.
Political System: Theocracy
Rule by representative of God. Vatican City is an example of a Theocracy.
Political System: Feudalism
This system had a manor or property on which many poor families would live. The owner of the manor was called the Lord, and was run by serfs or peasants who worked the land as laborers or paid taxes. An example of this system can be found in stories like Robin Hood.
IMPORTANT DATES HISTORY: 1789 Bill of Rights is established.
Bill of Rights are about personal liberty.
Is the US a democracy?
The constitutional protection of individual freedom makes our country a “law based” system of government. Keep in mind that many people think the US is a democracy, but it
is not a “true democracy.” A good way to remember it is in remembering the Pledge of Allegiance. “I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America and to the republic for which it stands.” The US is a Republic with a representative Democracy.
West Virginia State Board of Education v.
Barnette, 319 U.S. 624 (1943)
I’m sure you all know you cannot force a student to say the pledge of allegiance. The case in which the United States Supreme Court first decided students’ rights regarding the Pledge of Allegiance was West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624 (1943). The Court held that forcing students to stand for the Pledge constituted compelled speech and violated the First Amendment. This issue has been at the heart of the recent NFL “take a knee” protests. The Bill of Rights guarantees us the right to refuse to stand for the flag or be forced to recite the pledge or the National Anthem. Forcing players to stand is a violation of the Constitution and the First Amendment.
Amendment I*
Free Speech, basically.
Freedoms, Petitions, Assembly
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
Amendment II
Right to bear arms.
A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.
Amendment III
Quartering of soldiers
No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
Amendment IV*
Search and arrest
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
Difference between 4th & 5th Amendment
4th Amendment: Your rights before you are arrested
for a crime; you are “suspected.”
5th Amendment: Your rights after you are arrested
for a crime. Also known as due process.
Amendment V*
Rights in criminal cases
No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb, nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for
public use, without just compensation.
Amendment VI
Right to a fair trial
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed; which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense.
Amendment VII
Rights in civil cases
In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise reexamined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
Amendment VIII
Bail, fines, punishment
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
Amendment IX
Rights retained by the People
The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.
Amendment X
States’ rights
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
What did President Andrew Jackson did during 1828?
President Andrew Jackson signs the Indian Removal Act. This Act authorized the forced removal of Native Americans from Tennessee and other Eastern States, to Mississippi. It was a violent and traumatic experience.
What continued happening during 1836?
The Indian Removal Act continues to remove Native Americans from their land. In a forced removal known as the Trail of Tears, Cherokee are forced from Georgia to Oklahoma. Nearly 4,0000 Native Americans die from illness and starvation.
Wrong perceptions about Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus never discovered America. He never set foot in America but landed in the Caribbean because he got lost looking for a different route to India. This is why he called the Natives “Indians.” His crew, and the subsequent crews that came over, decimated the Natives with European
diseases against which the Natives had no resistance. These diseases then spread into North America as well, so while Columbus’ diseases may have discovered America and killed most of the people, he never went to America. He also enslaved and murdered many Natives in his attempt to find “gold” which was one of the purposes of his mission.
What happened in the centuries after Columbus landed in the new world on October 12, 1492?
More native North Americans died each year from infectious diseases brought by European settlers than were born. For North America alone, estimates of native populations in Columbus’ day range from 2 to18 million. By the end of the 19th century the population had shrunk to about 530 000. This is considered a genocide.
What was The Civil War about?
the impetus of the debate in the Civil War was whether or not the state had the right to keep using slavery. (so it was about slavery ._.)
What is USA’s unusual political system?
United States of America has an unusual political system in which individual states have the right to make State Laws that may differ from state to state. This is supposed to allow our country to operate as a both a Republic and a Representative Democracy. There are Federal Laws and there are State Laws.