History Reading

Question 1

combatant

Answer 1

a person who fights in a war

Question 2

exacerbate

Answer 2

v. to make something that is already bad even worse:

example: This attack will exacerbate the already tense relations between the two communities.

Question 3

belligerent

Answer 3

n. a nation or person engaged in war or conflict, as recognized by international law.

Question 4

gruelling

Answer 4

adj. extremely tiring and difficult, and demanding great effort and determination:
example; Junior doctors often have to work a gruelling 100-hour week.

Question 5

heir

Answer 5

someone who will get another person’s money and things when that person dies
example: He is the heir to a huge fortune.

Question 6

ultimatum

Answer 6

a threat in which a person or group of people are warned that if they do not do a particular thing, something unpleasant will happen to them. It is usually the last and most extreme in a series of actions taken to bring about a particular result:
example: He gave her an ultimatum - she could either stop seeing Peter and come back to him or it was divorce.

Question 7

entangled in/with sth/sb

Answer 7

involved with something or someone in a way that
makes it difficult to escape:
example: The mayor and the city council are anxious to avoid getting entangled in the controversy.

Question 8

invoke

Answer 8

v. to request help from someone, especially a god, when you want to improve a situation:
Their sacred dance is performed to invoke ancient gods.
to use a law in order to achieve something, or to mention something in order to explain something or to support your opinion or action:
Police can invoke the law to regulate access to these places
o make someone have a particular feeling or remember something

Question 9

halt

Answer 9

to stop or make something stop

Work on the project was halted immediately.

Question 10

war of attrition

Answer 10

› a war that is fought over a long period and only ends when one side has neither the soldiers and equipment nor the determination left to continue fighting

Question 11

invasion

Answer 11

an occasion when an army enters a country by force in order to take control of it
Iraq Invasion

Question 12

rally

Answer 12

rally noun [C] (MEETING)
C2 a public meeting of a large group of people, especially supporters of a particular opinion:
5,000 people held an anti-nuclear rally.
an election/campaign rally