History quiz Flashcards
What is the definition of Moral Treatment and what did it stem from?
Recognizes that people with disabilities have a right to engage in task and events of everyday life. Stems from the Humanistic philosophy which views all men as equal and governed by natural universal laws . Wash thought that the mentally deranged person would recover in the presence of persons of sound mind and kind nature
what is The Retreat at York and how did it impact psychiatry?
Focused on human treatment for the mentally ill. Opened my William Tuke to avoid inhumane treatment of the mentally ill. 1796
What are the names of the seven founders of AOTA?
William Dunton, George Barton, Thomas Kinder, Eleanor Clarke Slagle, Susan Tracy, Susan Johnson, Isabel Newton
What were the jobs of each of the founders?
Dunton- psychiatrist (father of OT) Barton- architect Kinder- architect Tracy- nurse Johnson- nurse Isabel- secretary Slagle-social worker
Significant contribution of Dunton
Founded our national professional journal the Archives of Occupational Therapy
What is the arts and crafts movement and why did it begin?
reformist movement from 1880-1910. Started as a search for authentic and meaningful styles for the 19th century and to counteract the industrial revolution
What is a “moral” cause?
any stressor of a psychological nature the can damage the brain
What framework did Slagle use for people to acquire the skills for living?
habit training
What is at the heart of therapeutic practice?
occupation
What was Adolph Meyer’s view on man
Man is an organism that maintains and balances itself in the world of reality by being active in life
the big 4
sleep and rest
work and play
What is one responsibility of the professional organization?
foster and protect the interest of occupational therapists
what is unique about occupational therapists according to Slagel?
rather than looking at the absence of pathology we think of usefulness, happiness and productiveness of a person
Where should OT’s work according to Slagel?
hospitals, but not hospitals alone as that would turn OT into more of just physical care, should also work in the community, homes, schools, and industrial sites
How did the decision to align with medicine in 1920 help develop the OT field?
Slide 30
Reconstructive Aids were used to help soldiers recover and return to work after world war 1. This was recognized by the government but OT leaders decided to align the profession with the medical profession in order to advance the prestige of the profession and not to be seen only as vocational trainers
In 1935, how did setting standards for OT education change OT practice?
slide 35
1st allied profession to set standards
made it consistent and created a core curriculum in order to ensure that the practice was consistent from practice to practice
What was the situation after WW2 in 1944
Physical medicine tried to bring to under their control but because the leaders had worked closely with the medical association to set standards for ed, this meant that it would be more difficult to be brought under someone else control (Henrietta McNary)
Army needed 1000 to for civilian employment in the medical department (of the current 1300)
What year was the first OT book published?
1946
Willard and Spackman
Principles of OT
What did Hill Burton Do?
Grants and loans have been given to aid health care facilities in return for the agreement that they would provide free or reduced health care to those unable to pay
Hospital Survey and Construction Act
What medical advances created demand for rehabilitation?
slide 50
Development of psychotropic drugs
Penicillin and streptomycin allowed people to survive
space exploration- velcro, pressure pads
When was the world federation of occupational therapists created and what was its purpose?
1952
to promote international cooperation among to associations
Deinstitutionalization
the Joint Commission on Mental Illness and Health in 1955 made recommendations for community alternatives to state hospitals
What was the Mental Retardation Facilities and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act, and how did it position OT’s to not be community based care?
slide 53
Provided initial funding to create new centers that were not state facilities
an acing did NOT have to offer pre-care and aftercare even though they were eligible for funding
Not enough OT’s to support these developments so Psych, nursing and SW became primary mental health professions
What year were OTA’s established and what did they do/what was the impact?
Slide 54
1958
extended manpower to serve a growing population
Mary Reilly’a famous quote\
slide 59
humans, through the use of their hands as they are energized by mind and will, can influence the state of their own health
What did A. Jean Ayres do and why is she important
slide 61
looked at behaviors of children who had suffered a stroke
she was making observations about brain function when neuroscience was forming
helped it’s learn how to engage the child in experiences that promoted learning and development
early 1960’s
What does AOTF do and what year was it established
1965
encourages the study of to through scholarships and fellowships
advance the science of ot
What is medicare and when was it created? explain the coverage
1965
initially only covered hospice (part a). Now it covers part B- outpatient care
currently doesnt cover home health
What did Wilma West call us to do in 1967?
addresses preventivite methods as well as current problems
Lela Lorenz
broke the color barrier in 1969 when she deliver the Eleanor Clark Slagle lecture
What did Gail Fidler contribute to OT in 1972?
demanded the use of occupation as our intervention
use it or lose it
What is the definition of health
a state of complete physical, social and mental well being and not leerily the absence of disease
values of the health care system, us designed to reduce costs
slide 98
new strategies fit much better with our values
focus on wellness
function/quality of life
treatment AND prevention
personal responsibility
old- focus on illness
survival
treatment
physician controlled
centennial vision
We envision that occupational therapy is a powerful, widely recognized, science-driven, and evidence-based profession with a globally connected and diverse workforce meeting society’s occupational needs.
