History Quiz Flashcards
Republic
A form of government where the country is considered a ‘public matter’ and the leaders are elected by the people or their representatives.
Example sentence: The Roman Republic was known for its system of elected officials.
Empire
A large political unit or territory that is ruled by a single leader or government and often consists of diverse regions and peoples.
Example sentence: The Roman Empire expanded its territories through conquest.
Patrician
A member of the wealthy, upper class in ancient Rome who held most of the political power.
Example sentence: Patricians in Rome were often landowners and senators.
Plebeian
A commoner or lower-class citizen in ancient Rome who had fewer rights compared to the patricians.
Example sentence: Plebeians struggled for more political rights in the Roman Republic.
Tribune
An official elected by the plebeians to represent their interests and protect their rights.
Example sentence: The tribunes had the power to veto laws in ancient Rome.
Consul
One of the top two elected officials in the Roman Republic who had executive powers and led the government and military.
Example sentence: Consuls were elected annually in Rome.
Triumvirate
A political alliance or group of three leaders who share power, especially in ancient Rome.
Example sentence: The First Triumvirate in Rome consisted of Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus.
Disciple
A follower or student of a teacher, especially in a religious context.
Example sentence: Jesus had many disciples who followed his teachings.
Apostles
The primary followers of Jesus Christ who spread his teachings and played a key role in early Christianity.
Example sentence: The apostles traveled far and wide to spread the message of Jesus.
Bishop
A senior church official in Christianity who oversees a group of local churches or a diocese.
Example sentence: Bishops are responsible for the spiritual well-being of their diocese.
Crucifixion
A method of execution used by the Romans where the person was nailed or tied to a cross and left to die.
Example sentence: Jesus was crucified by the Romans.
Messiah
A savior or liberator expected by certain religious traditions to deliver people from suffering or oppression.
Example sentence: Christians believe Jesus is the Messiah.
Inflation
The economic situation where prices increase and the value of money decreases.
Example sentence: Inflation can lead to decreased purchasing power.
Mercenary
A professional soldier hired to fight for a country or group that is not their own.
Example sentence: Mercenaries were often used in ancient battles.
Aqueduct
A structure built to transport water from one place to another, often over long distances.
Example sentence: The Roman aqueducts were engineering marvels.
Justinian Code
A collection of laws and legal interpretations compiled under the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I, which became a major influence on Western legal systems.
Example sentence: The Justinian Code influenced legal systems for centuries.
Patriarch
A leading bishop in certain branches of Christianity, especially in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Example sentence: The patriarch of Constantinople is a key figure in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Icon
A religious image or representation, often used in Christian worship, particularly in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Example sentence: Icons are considered sacred in Eastern Orthodox Christianity.
Excommunication
The act of officially excluding someone from participating in the church and its sacraments due to serious wrongdoing.
Example sentence: Excommunication was a severe punishment in medieval times.
