history of us Flashcards
(155 cards)
1
Q
The end of the Cold War and the fall of Eastern European communism occurred during the presidency of
A
George Bush
1
Q
the economy during Carter’s administration
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high interest rates, high inflation, high unemployment
2
Q
The first person to become both president and vice president without having been elected to either office was
A
Gerald Ford
3
Q
In the Persian Gulf War, President George H.W. Bush did not oust Saddam Hussein from power because
A
U.S. military planners worried about being able to control a post-Saddam Iraq.
4
Q
One of the most damaging problems of the Carter administration was its failure to win the release of U.S. hostages from
A
Iran
5
Q
Reagan’s “Star Wars” program was
A
The Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), was a proposed missile defense system intended to protect the United States from attack by ballistic nuclear missiles
6
Q
During the 1970s and 1980s, the fastest growing region in the United States was the
A
The “sunbelt”
7
Q
The phrase “supply-side economics” refers to
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a theory that maintains that increasing the supply of goods and services is the engine of economic growth.
8
Q
Which cable network debuted in 1980?
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CNN
9
Q
The “most trusted” newscaster on television in the U.S. was
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Walter Cronkite
10
Q
1950s domestic scene
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Women working, higher minimum wage and new urban rebuilding programs
11
Q
The U.S. anti-Communist crusade caused the federal government to
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support corrupt, oppressive, racist governments in other countries.
12
Q
Truman responded to the Berlin Blockade by
A
He and the remaining Allies began the Berlin Airlift, an operation that carried food, fuel and other supplies into West Berlin by plane.
13
Q
The Central Intelligence Agency was
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established to help counter the Soviet threat
14
Q
1949-1950
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Fair deal, Social security act, housing act, Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation was unconstitutional
15
Q
G.I. Bill
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Comprehensive benefits for those who had served in the armed forces: financial aid for college, job training programs, preferential treatment when applying for government jobs, favorable financial terms when purchasing homes or businesses, medical care
16
Q
The first player to break Major League Baseball’s policy of racial discrimination was
A
Jackie Robinson
17
Q
The major goal of the Marshall Plan was to
A
prevent the spread of communism in Western Europe and to stabilize the international order
18
Q
According to President Eisenhower in 1961, the greatest danger to the United States was
A
The military-industrial complex
19
Q
The 1949 military and political alliance linking western European nations with the United States was
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National Treaty Organization (NATO)
20
Q
The program that sent Americans overseas to work on developmental projects was the
A
Peace corps
21
Q
According to the popular view of containment policy
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all leftist insurgencies everywhere are controlled by the Russian Communists.
22
Q
The space program launched by President Kennedy with the goal of reaching the moon was the
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Apollo 11
23
Q
In 1961, the U.S. backed Cuban military force attempting to overthrow Fidel Castro was defeated at
A
Bay of Pigs beach
24
All of the following are true about the Truman Doctrine except that it
Was strongly opposed by all members of Congress
25
Harry Truman's motives for using the atomic bomb against Japan included his
desire to end the war quickly to save American lives
26
In 1939 and 1940, FDR tried to halt Japanese expansion in China and Indochina by
Imposing economic sanctions to limit Japanese access to raw materials
27
President Hoover's response to the Bonus Army
President Hoover elected to ignore them, hoping they would go away.
28
The so-called "cash and carry" legislation was all of the following except
a way for the United States to strengthen its defenses
29
The government program that employed some two million young men planting trees and improving the environment in 1933 was the
Civilian Conservation Corps
30
The organization founded during WWII devoted to nonviolent resistance to segregation was the
Congress of Racial Equality
31
The Roosevelt proposal of 1937 that aroused tremendous public resistance was the
plan to increase the size of the Supreme Court
32
The American people united behind President Roosevelt's decision to ask for a declaration of war when
Japan attacked pearl harbor
33
Eleanor Roosevelt was
wife of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. She was the First Lady of the United States longer than any other First Lady.
34
One of the major demands of women reformers during the New Deal years was for
Protective legislation
35
The "fireside chats" were
radio broadcasts given to the American people that were designed to help him explain his policies and actions and encourage
36
All of the following are reasons why the Great Depression occurred except
a drop in agricultural production in the mid-1920s.
37
Herbert Hoover's response to the Great Depression was to
At first he felt that government should not get involved, so he did nothing.
38
Herbert Hoover's position on the question of relief was that
it would destroy their desire to work and undermine their self-worth.
39
American foreign policy in the early and mid-1930s was basically
Isolationist
40
During WWII, more than 100,000 Japanese Americans were
placed into concentration camps within the United States
41
The right of every worker to join a union was guaranteed in
1935, Congress passed the National Labor Relations Act
42
Roosevelt's proposal to lend munitions to the Allies in WWII was known as the ____________ plan.
lend-lease
43
The popularity of the Superman comics reflected
working-class male anxiety over threats posed by insensitive employers.
44
The government agency that oversaw the conversion of factories to wartime production in WWII was the
War Production Board
45
Sensitive U.S. military communications about operations in the Pacific were kept secret because of the use of
Navajo instead of English when transmitting messages.
46
The transmission of electric power over long distances became possible with the development of
Transformers
47
Andrew Carnegie created a monopoly in what industry?
Steel
48
Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller were similar in that they both
gave tens of millions of dollars to philanthropic causes
49
The first assembly line was introduced in the
1913, at the Highland Park Ford Plant
50
The introduction of the assembly line at Ford led to all of the following except
increased worker job satisfaction
51
In the fight for equal rights, black leader Booker T. Washington adopted a strategy that emphasized
Self help and education
52
All of the following were characteristics of urban life in the late nineteenth century except
Social classes and ethnic groups mixed freely in city housing areas
53
The most popular form of entertainment in turn-of-the-century urban America was
the movies
54
Middle-class female reformers like Florence Kelly and Jane Addams
were cultural conservatives concerned about female sexuality and alcohol consumption.
55
In the Gilded Age the most important advertising medium was
magazines and catalogs
56
The "gospel of wealth"
he advised that wealth should be put towards programs and public goods that will encourage and enable the poor to improve their situation
57
One of the major political scandals of the Grant presidency involved
Credit mobilier
58
"Granger laws"
A set of laws designed to address railroad discrimination against small farmers, covering issues like railroad rates.
59
The Greenback and "free silver" movements supported
More silver in circulation
60
Which union war hurt irrevocably by the Haymarket Square protest?
Knights of labor
61
The strike at the Homestead plant in Pennsylvania is famous for the
armed resistance by striking steel workers
62
Ida Wells was an advocate for
the anti lynching crusade
63
Most European immigrants who arrived between 1880 and 1914 came from
Eastern and southern Europe
64
The Immigrant Restriction Acts
limited the number of immigrants allowed entry into the United States through a national origins quota.
65
The idea of scientific management in business is most closely associated with
Frederick W. Taylor
66
The Interstate Commerce Act
outlawed unfair pricing activities on the part of railroads.
67
The Knights of Labor parted from normal labor organization because they
were organized by industry rather than by craft.
68
Muckraking was
expose corruption and social injustice in time of many social issues. Named by roosevelt. compared them to a character in John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress
69
The modern civil rights movement began with the
end of Reconstruction in 1877.
70
All of the following statements regarding race relations during the New South period are true except
Industrialization in the South created jobs for blacks
71
The Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson stated that
equal but separate accommodations for the white and colored races.
72
The issue that cause the Populist Party to be absorbed by the Democratic Party was
The coinage of silver
73
The Progressives were
The progressives were reformers who collected many ideas and had a Urban/Middle Class education.
74
The Pullman Strike of 1894 was significant because
President Grover Cleveland sent in federal troops to break the strike.
75
Robert LaFollette is noted as
Calling for tax reforms
76
Settlement houses
organizations that provided support services to the urban poor and European immigrants
77
During the 19th century, the Sherman Antitrust Act
was used by big business to break up unions and strikes.
78
The Sixteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
grants Congress the authority to issue an income tax without having to determine it based on population.
79
Social Darwinism argued that human history witnessed the
a struggle among the races, with the strongest triumphing
80
In the Teapot Dome Scandal, Harding's
Secretary of the Interior was found guilty of bribery for secretly leasing federal oil reserves in Wyoming
81
The inventor of the phonograph and movie camera was
Thomas Edison
82
Theodore Roosevelt's environmental policy reflected his belief that
Nature existed to benefit mankind
83
Theodore Roosevelt became known as a "trust-buster" because he directed the Justice Department to prosecute
Northern security company
84
W.E.B. Du Bois
Sociologist studied race relations
85
William Jennings Bryan is noted for
his many unsuccessful attempts to become President of the United States.
86
"Yellow journalism" or the "Yellow press"
newspapers that use eye-catching headlines and sensationalized exaggerations for increased sales
87
Alfred Thayer Mahan
Naval officer and historian
88
All of the following were an anti-imperialist concern regarding the Philippines except the fear that
other powers might retaliate and target the US
89
According to Frederick Jackson Turner, American character and culture were primarily influenced by
The existence of the frontier and the westward movement
90
1.Federal reservation policy was intended to
keep Native Americans off of lands that European Americans wished to settle
91
The Battle of Little Bighorn in which George A. Custer and his men were killed occurred after
the Second Treaty of Fort Laramie
92
The United States secured the rights to build the Panama Canal by dealing with the
Colombian invasion
93
William McKinley ordered the Maine into Havana's harbor in order to
Protect US citizens in cuba
94
The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
Roosevelt Corollary took this further to say the United States had the right to exercise military force in Latin American countries to keep European countries out.
95
Theodore Roosevelt's favorite foreign policy slogan was
Speak softly and carry a big stick
96
The U.S. Army encouraged the slaughter of millions of buffalo
In order to weaken the Plains Indians by depriving them of their source of food, clothing, and shelter
97
William McKinley's treatment of the Philippines
reflected his fear that, without a strong U.S. presence, another power would invade
98
The last battle between the U.S. Army and American Indians, often recognized symbolically as the death of Plains Indian culture, was fought at
Wounded knee
99
During the 1990s, the income gap between the wealthiest and ordinary workers
Grew steadily
100
The "Bush Doctrine" (George W)
foreign policy based on the idea that the United States should take preemptive action against threats to its national security
101
Criticism of the federal government's handling of Hurricane Katrina included
Slow and Inadequate Response,Failure to Evacuate Vulnerable Populations,Issues of Race and Socioeconomic Disparities
102
By the early 21st century, Wal-Mart employed one out of ______ of all U.S. workers.
120
103
Shortly after September 11, 2001, President Bush announced he would wage a war against
Terror
104
In 1993, a bomb ripped through ________ in New York City, evidence that terrorism had reached the United States.
The world trade center
105
All of the following were part of the 14th amendment except it
Funded the confederate war debt
106
All of the following statements regarding the 15th amendment are true except
That it was popular among northern women
107
The railroad strike of 1877
A large number of railroad workers went on strike because of wage cuts. After a month of strikes, President Hayes sent troops to stop the strike
108
The "black codes" created during Reconstruction
Laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves; passed by southern states following the Civil War.
109
Southern whites regarded "Carpetbaggers" as
Agents of an army of occupation
110
Compromise of 1877?
removal of the last federal troops from the South, increased federal aid for railroads and other internal improvements, appointment of a southerner to the cabinet, making Rutherford B. Hayes president
111
The main purpose of the Freedmen's Bureau was to
the goal of the Freedmen's bureau was to provide food, clothing, healthcare, and education for both black and white refugees in the south.
112
Which of the following is NOT true of the Homestead Act of 1862?
Black Americans could only get land through the Southern Homestead Act.
113
The impeachment of Andrew Johnson was
Deserved
114
One of the main purposes of the Ku Klux Klan during Reconstruction was to
prevent African Americans from exercising their rights
115
Radical Republicans objected to Lincoln's initial reconstruction plan because it
restored the political rights of white men who had fought against the Union.
116
Scalawags were
white Southerners who supported Reconstruction policies and efforts after the conclusion of the American Civil War.
117
Which of the following is characteristic of the post-Civil War southern labor system?
The new system of sharecropping evolved.
118
Which of the following was not part of the "black power" crusade?
continuation of nonviolent protests against segregation
119
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 included new provisions that
proposed federal remedies for fighting job discrimination.
120
The civil rights group most involved in the "freedom rides" of the Kennedy presidency was the
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).
121
During the "Freedom Summer" of 1964,
almost a thousand volunteers from various states helped register black voters in Mississippi.
122
President Johnson's Great Society was criticized for all of the following except
not including a tax cut to provide money for business investment.
123
On August 9, 1974, President Richard Nixon became the only president in U.S. history to
Resign
124
Four students were killed by National Guard troops in 1970 at the ___________ campus during an antiwar protest.
Kent State
125
The charismatic black Muslim leader who challenged the nonviolent approach of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was
Malcolm X
126
Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered his "I have a dream" speech at the
Lincoln memorial
127
In 1972, President Richard Nixon broke with the past with his dramatic and historic visit to
China
128
Student dissidents of the 1960s
held "teach-ins" and draft-card burnings to protest the rigidity of U.S. institutions and traditions.
129
The congressional act that was tantamount to a declaration of war on North Vietnam was the
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution.
130
The author of "The Feminine Mystique" (1963) was
Betty Friedan
131
In the Fourteen Points, Woodrow Wilson proposed that territorial settlements be
Based on the principle of self-determination
132
The Eighteenth Amendment
Prohibition
133
The sports figure who achieved the greatest celebrity fame in the 1920s was
George Herman “Babe” Ruth
134
October 29, 1929, the day of the stock market crash, is also known as
Black tuesday
135
Buying on "margin" meant that
To buy "on margin" meant that a person would purchase stocks uncredited with a loan from their broker. Later they would sell the stocks at a higher price, pay back the loan, and keep the profit.
136
The Committee on Public Information's main function was to
raise the level of patriotism and support for the war
137
The term "flapper" referred to
Modern, single women who smoked and wore short dresses
138
All of the following statements reflect the African American experience in the North during the Harlem Renaissance except
African AMericans developed increasing political power
139
In the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan did all of the following except
Continue to thrive only in the south
140
Woodrow Wilson envisioned an international parliament (League of Nations) that would
unite the world in the organized pursuit of peace, security, and justice
141
Margaret Sanger crusaded in the early 20th century for
The birth control movement
142
All of the following statements regarding Ford Model Ts are true except
the prices of cars remained unchanged
143
Henry Ford's Model T revolutionized U.S. society by
He made the assembly line which made mass production possible. He also made the model T, which was cheap and affordable for the average american workers.
144
Which of the following was NOT a factor in the growing U.S. movement towards entering WWI?
German-american support of the war
145
The Red Scare of 1919
United States feared recent immigrants and dissidents, particularly those who embraced communist, socialist, or anarchist ideology.
146
All of the following was part of the new consumer lifestyle of the 1920s except
Poverty was eliminated from American society
147
Which of the following is not true of the Scopes Trial?
It indicated that support for fundamentalism was waning
148
As a result of the Scopes Trial
publishers eliminated references to Darwin's theories from science textbooks
149
World War I is called the first "total war" because
size and devastation of the war, which included both soldiers and civilians
150
The initial U.S. policy regarding the outbreak of war in Europe in August of 1914 was to
Neutrality
151
Which of the following groups entered the labor force in large numbers during WWI?
African-Americans, White Southerners, Mexicans, and women
152
All of the following groups contributed to repression in the name of democracy and patriotism on the home front in WWI except the
American protective league
153
Americans were outraged by the Zimmerman telegram because it
encouraged Mexico to side with Germany in case the United States entered the war
154
