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LUK > History Of The Uk > Flashcards

History Of The Uk Flashcards

1
Q

What is the oficial name of the UK?

A

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Nothern Ireland

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2
Q

What parts does the Great Britain consists of?

A

England
Scotland
Wales

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3
Q

What are Crown Dependencies?

A

Islands with their own government that are linked to Britain, but not part of it. Eg Channel Islands, Isle of Man

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4
Q

What is a British overseas territory?

A

British colony, but not part of Britain.

Eg St Helena and Falkland Islands

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5
Q

Where does the UK parliament sits?

A

Westminster

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6
Q

Where and what is Stonehenge?

A

Wiltshire in England.

Place for gathering and seasonal ceremonies.

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7
Q

What and where is Skara Brae on Orkney?

A

Best preserved prehistotic village in Scotland.

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8
Q

What language was spoken across the Europe in the Iron Age?

A

Celtic

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9
Q

When did Roman Emperor Claudius invaded Britain?

A

AD 43

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10
Q

Who is Boudicca?

A

Also know as the queen of the Iceny, a British tribe leader who fought against Romans.

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11
Q

Where is Boudicca statue?

A

Westminster Bridge in London near the Houses of Parliament.

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12
Q

Who was the Emperor Hadrian?

A

He built a wall where now Scotland is to keep the “Picts” (ancestors of Scottish people) out of England that was occupied by the Romans.
The wall with forts are part of UNESCO.

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13
Q

How long did the Romans ruled Britain for?

A

400 years

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14
Q

Who were the missionaries who came to preach Christianity to Britain?

A

St Columba who found a monastery on the island of Iona.

St Augustine who became the first archbishop of Caterbury. 

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15
Q

What did Saint Augustine and Saint Columba do during the Anglo-Saxon period?

A

They were early Christian missionaries.

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16
Q

Where did the Vikings come from?

A

Denmark, Norway and Sweden

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17
Q

Who ruled Anglo-Saxon kingdoms in England?

A

King Alfred the Great AD 878

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18
Q

What important event happened in England in 1066?

A

The Norman invasion
also called
The Battle of Hastings

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19
Q

Which two records tell us about England during the time of William 1 (William the Conqueror)?

A

Domesday book
And
Bayeux Tapestry

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20
Q

When was the last successful invasion of England?

A

1066

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21
Q

What is Bayeux Tapestry?

A

A piece of embroidery that tells the story of the Norman conquest.

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22
Q

Who invaded England in 1066?

A

William of Normandy

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23
Q

Hadrian’s wall was built to keep out whom?

A

The Picts (Scottish ancestors)

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24
Q

Which stories are associated with Geofrey Chausser?

A

The Canterbury Tales

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25
Q

Why was Magna Carta important?

A

It limited the power of the monarch.

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26
Q

In the 1348 a third of the population of England, Wales and Scotland died as a result of which plague?

A

The black death.

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27
Q

Which two wars was England involved in during the Middle Ages?

A

Crusades
and
Hundred Years War

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28
Q

Which Scottish king defeated the English at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314?

A

Robert the Bruce

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29
Q

When was the Magna Carta enforced onto King John?

A

1215

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30
Q

When were the last Welsh rebellions defeated?

A

By the middle of the 15th century.

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31
Q

When was English language, rather than French, the preferred language in court?

A

By 1400

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32
Q

What was the War of the Roses?

A

A war between the houses of Lancaster and York.

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33
Q

When did Wales became part of England?

A

1284

English language and law were introduced in Wales

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34
Q

When was the Battle of Bannockburn and who led it?

A

1314

Led by Robert the Bruce

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35
Q

When did the Scottish defeated the English?

A

1314 at the Battle of Bannockburn

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36
Q

When did the Black Death happened in England?

A

1348

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37
Q

What were the consequences of black death?

A 
Less people
Less need for crops
Demand of higher wages
People moving into towns
Development of the middle-class
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38
Q

What is the black death?

A

A plague that killed one third of the Great Britain in Europe

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39
Q

Where is House of Lords and House of Commons?

A

Westminster London

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40
Q

Who sits in the House of Lords?

A

Big landowners e.g. nobility and bishops

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41
Q

Who sits in the house of commons?

A

Small landowners e.g. knights, middle class

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42
Q

What is the new name of the Big Ben?

A

The Elizabeth’s Tower

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43
Q

What architectural style is Big Ben/Elizabeth Tower built?

A

Gothic style

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44
Q

Where is the Westminster Bridge?

A

Outside of the parliament in Westminster London.

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45
Q

Where is the Big Ben/the Elizabeth Tower?

A

On the Westminster Bridge outside of Parliament.

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46
Q

What is inside of the parliament?

A

House of Lords

House of Commons

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47
Q

Can the House of Lords outvote the House of Commons?

A

No, or only in very small circumstances.

The house of commons have the main power, the house of lords can only advise.

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48
Q

What makes the English national identity and culture?

A

Norman French and Anglo-Saxon

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49
Q

Who first printed the Canterbury tales?

A

William Caxton

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50
Q

Who was Geoffrey Chaucer?

A

He wrote the Canterbury tales. A book about a group of people going on a pilgrimage, which is a religious spiritual journey.

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51
Q

Who is John Barbour? 

A

Scottish poet who wrote The Bruce.

Poets about the Battle of Bannockburn

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52
Q

What are the important buildings in the Great Britain?

A

Lincoln Cathedral
York Minster – stained glass
Edinburgh Castle in Scotland
Windsor Castle in London – the Queens family home

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53
Q

What did Britain used to trade in the Middle Ages?

A

Britain exported wool to France, Germany, Italy and Holland.

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54
Q

In 1314 who fought at the Battle of Bannockburn?

A

The English versus Scotland

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55
Q

What are the Crusades?

A

A war between European Christians and Muslims for control of the Holy Land.

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56
Q

Who won the war of the roses?

A

Henry Tudor

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57
Q

What was the war of the roses?

A

Civil War between the house of Lancaster (red rose) and the house of York (white rose).

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58
Q

Who is Henry Tudor?

A

Henry Tudor killed king Richard lll in the battle of Bosworth, then he became the King Henry Vll and married Richard’s niece to combine the two families.

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59
Q

When was the Battle of Agincourt and who won?

A

1415 also called Hundred Year War and English won against French

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60
Q

What is feudalism?

A

A system of land ownership

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61
Q

Name two castles that are still being used today?

A

Windsor Castle

Edinburgh Castle

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62
Q

Who was Henry VIII?

A

Famous for having six wives and breaking off from the Roman Catholic Church

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63
Q

What is reformation?

A

A movement against authority of the Pope and the ideas and practices of the Roman Catholic Church

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64
Q

Name Henry’s wives

A 
Catherine Aragon
Anne Boleyn
Jane Seymour
Anne Cleves
Catherine Howard 
Catherine Parr
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65
Q

Name Henry VIII’s children

A

Mary - Bloody Mary
Elizabeth I - Virgin Queen
Edward VI

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66
Q

When did English defeated the Spanish Armada from wanting to restore Catholicism in England and who was in power that time?

A

1588 Elizabeth I

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67
Q

Who was Mary Stewart?

A 
Also called Queen of Scots
Catholic
Elizabeth I’s cousin
Became queen of Scotland at one week old 
Imprisoned by Elizabeth
Executed in 1587

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68
Q

Who was Elizabeth I ? 

A

Protestant
Found balance between Catholics and Protestants
In power when English defeated the Spanish Armada

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69
Q

Who was King James VI? 

A

Mary Stuart’s son
A king of Scotland
A King of England - King James I

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70
Q

Who is Sir Francis Drake?

A

The commander in the defeat of the Spanish Armada
1st to sail around the world
His ships name the Golden Hind

71
Q

What are the most famous plays of William Shakespeare?

A

A Midsummer nights dream
Hamlet
Macbeth
Romeo and Juliet

72
Q

What is the Divine Right of Kings?

A

I believe that the king is directly appointed by God

73
Q

Who believe in the divine right of kings?

A

James VI and I

Charles I -> his son

74
Q

Who was in the Civil War in 1642?

A

Charles I and Parliament

75
Q

What was Charles I known for ?

A

Son of James I
Tried to put out Parliament
Tried to change the church of England
Executed in 1649

76
Q

When was Charles I executed?

A

1649

77
Q

Who were the Cavaliers and Roundheads?

A

Cavaliers supporters of the king

Roundheads supporters of the parliament

78
Q

Who was Oliver Cromwell?

A

Army general

“Lord Protector”

79
Q

What is Restoration and when did it happen?

A

Re-establishment of the monarchy
1660
Charles II came from exile and became a king of England, Scotland, Ireland and Wales

80
Q

Who was Charles II ? 

A 
son of Charles I
Fought England 
Lost to Oliver Cromwell
Run away to Europe
Came back during restoration
81
Q

What happened in 1665?

A

Plague - bacteria infection 

82
Q

When did the Great Fire of London happen?

A

1666

83
Q

What important building was destroyed during the great fire of London?

A

St Paul’s Cathedral

84
Q

Who restored Saint Paul’s Cathedral after the great fire of London?

A

Sir Christopher Wren

85
Q

Who was Samuel Pepys?

A

He kept a diary about the plague and the Great Fire of London

86
Q

Who was Isaac Newton?

A

Scientist

Gravity

87
Q

Who was James II ?

A

brother of Charles II
Catholic
Had a daughter Mary

88
Q

What was the glorious revolution?

A

When there was no fighting in England during the king William III reign.

89
Q

Who did William III married?

A

Mary a daughter of James II

90
Q

Why did William III became a king?

A

He married Mary, James II’s daughter

91
Q

What happened at the battle of the Boyne in Ireland in 1690?

A

King William III defeated James II

92
Q

In which battle did William III defeated James II ?

A

The Battle of Boyne in Ireland 1690

93
Q

What religion is England?

A

Protestants

94
Q

What is Habeas Corpus Act?

A

An act guaranteeing that no one can be held prisoner unlawfully.

95
Q

What is the bill of rights?

A

More power to Parliament and less power to monarchy

96
Q

When did newspapers no longer need a license?

A

1695

97
Q

Who and where were the Huguenots from?

A

Protestants from France trying to escape prosecution from Catholics

98
Q

When did Scotland joined England?

A

1707 the Act of Union

99
Q

Who was the first prime minister?

A

Sir Robert Walpole

100
Q

Who were the Clans?

A

Families in Scotland

101
Q

Who was Charles Edward Stuart?

A

Bonnie Prince Charlie

102
Q

Who wrote Auld Land Syne?

A

Robert Burns

103
Q

What is new year in Scotland

A

Hogmanay

104
Q

What is Hogmanay?

A

Scotish New Year

105
Q

Robert Burns was a poet from?

A

Scotland

106
Q

The carding machine was invented by?

A

Richard Arkwright

107
Q

Who was Sake Dean Mahomet?

A

First curry house
Shampooing
Indian head massage

108
Q

What is the enlightenment?

A

Everyone has a right to own political and religious beliefs

New ideas in politics philosophy and science

109
Q

When was slavery abolished in the UK?

A

1807

110
Q

Napoleon was the emperor of?

A

France

111
Q

The Battle of Trafalgar was won by?

A

Admiral Nelson

112
Q

The Battle of Waterloo was won by?

A

The Duke of Wellington

113
Q

When and who with was the American war of independence?

A

1776

With Canada, but also Australia and South Africa

114
Q

Which colonies of the British empire decided to declare their independence in 1776?

A

Australia
Canada
South Africa

115
Q

How many crosses make up the Union Jack?

A

3

116
Q

What were the women who stood up for their legal rights to vote in the late 19 century and early 20th century called?

A

Suffragettes

117
Q

Who was Emmaline Parkhurst?

A

She stood up for the women’s right to vote

118
Q

When did married women age 30 get the right to vote?

A

1918

119
Q

What is the Reform Act of 1832?

A

It increased the number of people with the right to vote, but only men.

120
Q

When did women age 21 had the right to vote?

A

1928, just after the WWI

121
Q

Who improved the conditions in hospitals in the Victorian times?

A

Florence Nightingale 1822 - 1910

122
Q

Who was Florence Nightingale

A

She improve the conditions in the hospital and reduce the mortality rate
She treated soldiers who were fighting in the Crimean war
She established a Nightingale training school for nurses at Saint Thomases hospital in London

123
Q

Who was Isambard Kingdom Brunel?

A

An engineer who built tunnels, bridges, railway lines and ships.

124
Q

What did Victorian Britain produced in 19 century

A

Iron
Coal
Cotton cloth

125
Q

Who pioneered the railway engine in Victorian time?

A

George and Robert Stephenson

126
Q

After the potato famine in Ireland where did many of the Irish people go?

A

England and USA

127
Q

Who is Rudyard Kipling?

A

Wrote poems and novels
E.g. Just So Stories
The Jungle Book
The poem “If”

128
Q

Where did the Boer war take place?

A

South Africa

It was over diamonds

129
Q

When was The First World War?

A

1914 - 1918

130
Q

What day and year did WWI ended?

A

11am 11th November 1918

131
Q

How many people died during the British attack on the Somme in July 1916?

A

60,000 British casualties on the first day alone

132
Q

When was the partition of Ireland

A

1921, a piece of treaty was signed

133
Q

What were the social changes introduced before the World War I?

A

Retirement pension
Free school meals


134
Q

When did Irish became the Irish free state with its own government

A

1949 Ireland became the Republic of Ireland

135
Q

What were the effects of the great depression in 1930s?

A

Badly affected - shipbuilding

Well affected - automobile and aviation industries

136
Q

When did WW2 happen?

A

1939 - 1945

137
Q

When did BBC started its first radio broadcast?

A

1922

138
Q

When did the BBC started its television service?

A

1936

139
Q

When did Adolf Hitler invade Poland?

A

1939, Britain and France declared war in order to stop his aggression

140
Q

When did Winston Churchill become a prime minister?

A

1940

141
Q

Who was Winston Churchill?

A

Became a prime minister in 1940
Lost general election in 1945
Returned as prime minister in 1951

142
Q

When was Winston Churchill voted as the greatest Briton of all time?

A

2002

143
Q

When was the Battle of Britain?

A

Summer 1940

144
Q

Was the battle of Britain in the sky or on the water?

A

In the sky

145
Q

What was the Blitz?

A

German air force been able to continue bombing in London and other British cities at night time

146
Q

What is the Dunkirk spirit?

A

When civilians evacuated more than 300,000 men from the beaches around Dunkirk during the Second World War.

147
Q

What is the D-Day?

A

6th June 1944, Allied forces landed in Normandy, following a victory on the beaches of Normandy

148
Q

When was Germany defeated during the World War II?

A

May 1945

149
Q

Who was Ernest Rutherford?

A

He was the 1st to “split the atom” which went onto the development of the atomic bomb

150
Q

Who was Alexander Fleming?

A

1928, discovered penicillin

151
Q

What were ‘the Troubles’ about?

A

Disagreement over Ireland becoming one country

152
Q

What did Clement Attlee achieved and who was he?

A

Prime Minister

  • NHS
  • Secondary school (11 to 16–y-olds)
  • Equal rights
153
Q

Which 3 countries were granted independence in 1947?

A

India
Pakistan
Ceylon (no Sri Lanka)

154
Q

What does NATO stand for?

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organisation

155
Q

What is the Beveridge Report 1942?

A

Report about fighting the five “Giant Evils” of want , disease, ignorance, squalor and idleness. 

156
Q

What was the Butler Act 1944?

A

Introduced free secondary education in England and Wales

157
Q

What were the 2 most well-known pop music groups in the “Swinging Sixties” ?

A

The Beatles

The Rolling Stones

158
Q

Which social laws became more liberal in the 60s?

A

Divorce

Abortion

159
Q

What does the Swinging Sixties mean?

A

1960s, growth in British fashion, cinema and popular music

160
Q

Who developed the Concorde?

A

Britain and France

161
Q

Who developed the television in the 1920s

A

John Logie Baird

162
Q

When was the radar developed by Robert Watson Watt?

A

1935

163
Q

What was influential in the development of computer science and the modern day computer?

A

Turing machine, a mathematical device invented by Alan Turing

164
Q

When was the jet engine developed?

A

1930s by Sir Frank Whittle

165
Q

Who invented the hovercraft in the 1950s?

A

Sir Christopher Cockrell

166
Q

Which animal was first cloned by the British scientist Sir Ian Wilmot and Keith Campbell?

A

1996, Dolly the sheep

167
Q

Who was the inventor of the World Wide Web?

A

Sir Tim Berners-Lee

168
Q

When did Britain join EEC, European economic community?

A

1973

169
Q

Who was the first female prime minister in 1979?

A

Margaret Thatcher won the general election following the conservative victory.

170
Q

Who discovered the DNA in 1953

A

Francis Crick, was awarded the Noble Prize

171
Q

When was the first television broadcast between London and Glasgow?

A

1932

172
Q

Who invented the cash dispensing ATM?

A

1960s, James Goodfellow

1967 firstly used by Barclays Bank in Enfield, North London

173
Q

When was the world first test tube baby born?

A

1978

174
Q

What happened in politics in May 2010?

A

The Conservative and Liberal Democratic party formed a coalition.

LUK (3 decks)

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