History of the Public Health Service- Part I Flashcards
When was the “An Act for the Relief of Sick and Disabled Seamen” ?
July 16, 1798
Who was the 2nd Supervising Surgeon General?
JOHN HAMILTON, MD
When is the PHS birthdate?
July 16, 1798
Which President signed “An Act for the Relief of Sick and Disabled Seamen” ?
President John Adams
What was the Marine Hospital Fund?
It was the first Federal health law. It authorized a tax of twenty cents per month from seamen and this provided funds for sick seamen and building additional hospitals for their care. 
What early physician was an early supporter of smallpox vaccination and against miasma theory?
BENJAMIN WATERHOUSE, MD
Who is credited with founding the National Library of Medicine
JOHN SHAW BILLINGS, MD
Who is credited for establishing the Marine Hospital Service of 1870?
JOHN SHAW BILLINGS, MD
Who was appointed to the Marine Hospital Service as “Supervising Surgeon” in 1871?
Hint: The “Supervising Surgeon” became the role of the Surgeon General.
JOHN MAYNARD WOODWORTH, MD
Who transformed the Marine Hospital Service into a military model based on his experience in the Union Army as a surgeon?
JOHN MAYNARD WOODWORTH, MD
What Act was recreated in 1878 due to the outbreak of yellow fever?
1878 National Quarantine Act
Who founded Laboratory of Hygiene in 1887 and is credited with being the father of National Institutes of Health (NIH)?
Dr. Joseph Kinyoun
When was the birthdate of the Commissioned Corps?
January 4, 1889
Which “Supervising Surgeon” had Marine Hospital Service resume quarantine duties?
JOHN HAMILTON, MD
What war was the catalyst of the Marine Hospital being open to those serving in war?
SPANISH AMERICAN WAR 1898
What Assistant Surgeon studied the epidemiology of yellow fever and provided evidence it was not transferable?
Hint: His work was inspiration for Walter Reed’s research
HENRY ROSE CARTER, MD
True or False: This is our current USPHS flag?
False
In 1906, President Roosevelt signed the Wiley Act. This is also known as?
Food and Drugs Act
What did the Wiley Act do?
The bill prohibited adulteration and misbranding of food and drugs.
Who discovered the true of cause of pellagra, a disease resulting from malnutrition (diet deficient in vitamin B) and was not a result of an infectious agent?
Joseph Goldberger, MD.
What did the Act of 1912 do?
Broadened the powers of the PHS by authorizing investigations into human diseases, sanitation, water supplies, and sewage disposal.
True or False: This is an image of our first PHS flag?
False
What does the yellow color of the PHS symbolize?
Nautical signal yellow represents the letter “Q” for quarantine.
When was the Bureau of Prisons (BOP) established?
1930
What did the Parker Act of 1930 do?
Expanded Public Health Service to non- physician categories.
What were the three non-physician categories that opened up due to the Parker Act of 1930?
Pharmacist, dentist, and engineer
The Belmont Report summarizes ethical principles and guidelines for research involving human subjects. This was written in response to what infamous Study?
Tuskegee Syphilis Study
In 1944, during World War II, PHS expanded to include what 5 additional categories?
Nurses, Dieticians, Veterinarians, Therapists, and Sanitarians
The Office of Malaria Control in War Areas (MCWA), was the predecessor to what current health agency?
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Who is considered the founder of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)?
CAPT Joseph Mountin
When was the Indian Health Service (IHS) established?
1955
Who released the first report of the Surgeon General’s Advisory Committee on Smoking and Health?
Hint: This report was the catalyst for the advisory label on cigarette labels.
SURGEON GENERAL LUTHER TERRY
When was the last person
naturally infected with smallpox?
1977
Who was the Surgeon General appointed by President Reagan?
Hint: He was most well known for combating misinformation on the effects of cigarettes and HIV/ AIDS. If he had more time in office, he would have also liked to address the issue of obesity and violence in America.
SURGEON GENERAL EVERETT KOOP
PHS commissioned corp was militarized in what years?
WW1 (1917-1918), WW2 (1941–1945) and Korean War (1950–1953)
How were sick sailors managed in 1590?
Chatham chest
What disease affected San Francisco in 1900?
Bubonic plague
