History of the Public Health Service- Part I

Question 1

When was the “An Act for the Relief of Sick and Disabled Seamen” ?

Answer 1

July 16, 1798

Question 2

Who was the 2nd Supervising Surgeon General?

Answer 2

JOHN HAMILTON, MD

Question 3

When is the PHS birthdate?

Answer 3

July 16, 1798

Question 4

Which President signed “An Act for the Relief of Sick and Disabled Seamen” ?

Answer 4

President John Adams

Question 5

What was the Marine Hospital Fund?

Answer 5

It was the first Federal health law. It authorized a tax of twenty cents per month from seamen and this provided funds for sick seamen and building additional hospitals for their care. 

Question 6

What early physician was an early supporter of smallpox vaccination and against miasma theory?

Answer 6

BENJAMIN WATERHOUSE, MD

Question 7

Who is credited with founding the National Library of Medicine

Answer 7

JOHN SHAW BILLINGS, MD

Question 8

Who is credited for establishing the Marine Hospital Service of 1870?

Answer 8

JOHN SHAW BILLINGS, MD

Question 9

Who was appointed to the Marine Hospital Service as “Supervising Surgeon” in 1871?

Hint: The “Supervising Surgeon” became the role of the Surgeon General.

Answer 9

JOHN MAYNARD WOODWORTH, MD

Question 10

Who transformed the Marine Hospital Service into a military model based on his experience in the Union Army as a surgeon?

Answer 10

JOHN MAYNARD WOODWORTH, MD

Question 11

What Act was recreated in 1878 due to the outbreak of yellow fever?

Answer 11

1878 National Quarantine Act

Question 12

Who founded Laboratory of Hygiene in 1887 and is credited with being the father of National Institutes of Health (NIH)?

Answer 12

Dr. Joseph Kinyoun

Question 13

When was the birthdate of the Commissioned Corps?

Answer 13

January 4, 1889

Question 14

Which “Supervising Surgeon” had Marine Hospital Service resume quarantine duties?

Answer 14

JOHN HAMILTON, MD

Question 15

What war was the catalyst of the Marine Hospital being open to those serving in war?

Answer 15

SPANISH AMERICAN WAR 1898

Question 16

What Assistant Surgeon studied the epidemiology of yellow fever and provided evidence it was not transferable?

Hint: His work was inspiration for Walter Reed’s research

Answer 16

HENRY ROSE CARTER, MD

Question 17

True or False: This is our current USPHS flag?

Answer 17

False

Question 18

In 1906, President Roosevelt signed the Wiley Act. This is also known as?

Answer 18

Food and Drugs Act

Question 19

What did the Wiley Act do?

Answer 19

The bill prohibited adulteration and misbranding of food and drugs.

Question 20

Who discovered the true of cause of pellagra, a disease resulting from malnutrition (diet deficient in vitamin B) and was not a result of an infectious agent?

Answer 20

Joseph Goldberger, MD.

Question 21

What did the Act of 1912 do?

Answer 21

Broadened the powers of the PHS by authorizing investigations into human diseases, sanitation, water supplies, and sewage disposal.

Question 22

True or False: This is an image of our first PHS flag?

Answer 22

False

Question 23

What does the yellow color of the PHS symbolize?

Answer 23

Nautical signal yellow represents the letter “Q” for quarantine.

Question 24

When was the Bureau of Prisons (BOP) established?

Answer 24

1930

Question 25

What did the Parker Act of 1930 do?

Answer 25

Expanded Public Health Service to non- physician categories.

Question 26

What were the three non-physician categories that opened up due to the Parker Act of 1930?

Answer 26

Pharmacist, dentist, and engineer

Question 27

The Belmont Report summarizes ethical principles and guidelines for research involving human subjects. This was written in response to what infamous Study?

Answer 27

Tuskegee Syphilis Study

Question 28

In 1944, during World War II, PHS expanded to include what 5 additional categories?

Answer 28

Nurses, Dieticians, Veterinarians, Therapists, and Sanitarians

Question 29

The Office of Malaria Control in War Areas (MCWA), was the predecessor to what current health agency?

Answer 29

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Question 30

Who is considered the founder of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)?

Answer 30

CAPT Joseph Mountin

Question 31

When was the Indian Health Service (IHS) established?

Answer 31

1955

Question 32

Who released the first report of the Surgeon General’s Advisory Committee on Smoking and Health?

Hint: This report was the catalyst for the advisory label on cigarette labels.

Answer 32

SURGEON GENERAL LUTHER TERRY

Question 33

When was the last person
naturally infected with smallpox?

Answer 33

1977

Question 34

Who was the Surgeon General appointed by President Reagan?

Hint: He was most well known for combating misinformation on the effects of cigarettes and HIV/ AIDS. If he had more time in office, he would have also liked to address the issue of obesity and violence in America.

Answer 34

SURGEON GENERAL EVERETT KOOP

Question 35

PHS commissioned corp was militarized in what years?

Answer 35

WW1 (1917-1918), WW2 (1941–1945) and Korean War (1950–1953)

Question 36

How were sick sailors managed in 1590?

Answer 36

Chatham chest

Question 37

What disease affected San Francisco in 1900?

Answer 37

Bubonic plague