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Graphic Design Theory > History of style movements > Flashcards

History of style movements Flashcards

1
Q

When was Art Nouveau popular?

A

1890-1910
Dominant in the Belle Epoque period

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2
Q

What are the characteristics of the Art Nouveau style?

A

Curvy
Playful
Full of life

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3
Q

How do we recognize Art Nouveau?

A

Abundance of Details (conveys a sense of richness).
Floral & Plant life (displayed in non-reaping partners).
Lack of white spaces.

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of the Art Nouveau Typography?

A

The style of the Art Nouveau Typography is often hand-drawn letters with a distinct custom look.
Headlines are in all caps and often text is in different sizes tightly packed together.

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5
Q

How is the main character posed?

A

The main character is often in a very dramatic pose to show as much movement as possible.

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of the Art Nouveau colour palette?

A

Saturated, earthy tones with a mix of both cool & warm colours with the warm being more favoured of the 2.
Lots of tans, gold, browns & natural green tones.

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of the Art Nouveau layouts?

A

They’re often asymmetric with one side more weighted than the other & with typography balancing out.

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8
Q

What’s the style movement that refers to the Art Nouveau style?

A

Art Deco’

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9
Q

When was the Bauhaus style popular?

A

1919-1933

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10
Q

What are the characteristics of Bauhaus?

A

It unified the arts to create an aesthetically pleasing & practical design.
There’s an industrialized influence on Bauhaus, as it introduces technology & new materials.

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11
Q

What was Bauhaus?

A

A german school

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12
Q

How does Bauhaus translate in German?

A

Building House

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13
Q

What was the porpuse of Bauhaus?

A

To make well-designed products that could easily be mass-produced and accessible to a wide range of people, not just the wealthy.

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14
Q

What kind of impact Bauhaus had?

A

An impact on the architectural and product design as well as in typography.

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15
Q

Which typography style was influenced by Bauhaus?

A

Geometric, which is precise but rounded like the Bauhaus style

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16
Q

What was the approach of Bauhaus?

A

A holistic approach. Bauhaus sees design and the arts as interconnected, with no clear distinctions between different creative disciplines.

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17
Q

What’s the Bauhaus style?

A

Basic geometric shapes as its main form of inspiration, mixing rounded & rectangular.
Use of grids, golden ratio.
Provides order to a disordered world.
Use of basic theories of colour, layout & hierarchy to achieve a basic balance & flow.

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18
Q

What’s the main tagline of Bauhaus?

A

Form
Follows
Function

The shape of an object should relate to its intended function or purpose.

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19
Q

Where can we still see the influence of Bauhaus?

A

Logo design.

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20
Q

When was Art Deco’ popular?

A

1925-1945
around the period of world war one

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21
Q

What are the characteristics of the Art Deco style?

A

Curvy & maximalist features.
Dramatic, opulent, detailed & luxurious
Sharp angles, modern-day materials like smooth rounded plastic & glass

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22
Q

What was the main inspiration behind the development of Art Deco design?

A

Art Deco was inspired by cubism,
pioneered by Picasso, with basic 3D geometric shapes like cones, cylinders & spheres.

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23
Q

What’s the style of Art Deco?

A

It’s not a specific style, but more of a collection of styles of that era.

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24
Q

What did Art Deco want to convey?

A

Excitement for the developing technology & industries of its time & the success that followed.

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25
Q

What are some examples of Art Deco?

A

Empire State Building, Chrysler building

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26
Q

What are the characteristics of Art Deco Typography & Elements ?

A

Long stretched dramatic letter form with both pointed ins but geometric inspired curves
Underline characters (trattino sotto la O)
More stylized ligatures
Detailed boxes (frames)
Line art & dbl strokes
Monograms & Radio Graphics (radial line effect emulates the sun)

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27
Q

Where can we still see the influence of Art Deco?

A

Local Design & in many other ways like detailed line art which is popular in logos for coaching, personal development, and hospitality.

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28
Q

What are the characteristics of the Art Deco colour palette?

A

Gold (success, wealth, opulence of the Era)

29
Q

When was the Swiss International Design/International typography style popular?

A

1950s

30
Q

What are the characteristics of the Swiss Design style?

A

Grid, White Space & Sans-Serif typefaces rule

31
Q

What’s the style movement that refers to the Swiss Design style?

A

Bauhaus & can be considered as the evolution of it with its super simple geometric shapes

32
Q

Why are Grids the mainstay of Swiss Style?

A

To help logically maintain order
To present information in an easily digestible way

33
Q

What makes Swiss Design stand out among other styles?

A

The heavy use of white space between elements.
This ensures the design maintains readability and has a simple direct goal

34
Q

What’s the role of Typography in Swiss Design?

A

Typo starts to become the design itself, voiding any details & serif.

35
Q

How is the typo in Swiss Design aligned?

A

It’s left aligned with ragged right edges

36
Q

Which typeface was born during the Swiss Design movement?

A

HELVETICA

37
Q

Where was Helvetica used?

A

NYC subway
Government Institution
Volkswagen (applied it to its advertising to create a wide-open white space)

38
Q

How is the white space in Swiss Design used?

A

It’s accentuated & becomes part of a design element on its own

39
Q

Why was the Golden Ratio important in Swiss Design?

A

To give structure to the design

40
Q

What’s the main tagline of Swiss Design?

A

If you can make it more simple, than do it

41
Q

What’s the main mantra of Swiss Design?

A

The process of simplification, like in logos to be effective

42
Q

What questions help to apply the Swiss Design Style?

A
  • Are there any unnecessary elements or details in your concept?
  • Is there a way to combine graphics to have one focal point instead of multiple things?
43
Q

How does Swiss Design aim to Wow the viewer?

A

With clarity & simplicity. Straight to the point.

44
Q

When was Pop Art popular?

A

1950s-1970s

45
Q

Where did Pop Art originate?

A

USA & UK

46
Q

What are the characteristics of the Pop Art style?

A

Colourful, bold

47
Q

What’s the purpose of Pop Art?

A

To depict everyday things (as the subject matter) in an exciting way to challenge the traditional forms of fine art

48
Q

What’s a famous example of Pop Art by Andy Warhol?

A

A simple can of Campbell’s soup

49
Q

What defines Pop Art?

A

A random, less clean style that focuses on the subject & less on the grids, precision, and being perfect.

50
Q

What are common elements used in Pop Art?

A

Collages
Rough sketch lines

51
Q

When did Pop Art define the advertising style?

A

1960s

52
Q

How did Pop Art define the advertising style?

A

Colourful design, sometimes with a sarcastic sense of humour.
It brought a down-to-earth mainstream to sell products.

53
Q

What’s the name of the pattern that originated in the Pop Art period?

A

HALF-TONE

53
Q

In which years was there a great renaissance of pop art?

A

1990s

54
Q

What’s the main mantra of Pop Art?

A

Do not let rules limit your style

55
Q

What’s one of the most known logo designs using Pop Art?

A

The Rolling Stones’s red lips

56
Q

How does Pop Art reflect in typography?

A

Use of a very expressive typo which consists of custom hand-written typography/text characters, rather than following a straight line, which fits together almost like a puzzle piece.

57
Q

When was the Advertising Boom?

A

1960s-1990s

58
Q

Why is the designer Paul Rand considered the father of the Advertising Boom?

A

He fused the artistic side of design with the more practical business & marketing side of things. He was most known for developing corporate identities.

59
Q

What’s Paul Rand’s famous tip?

A

DON’T TRY TO BE ORIGINAL; JUST TRY TO BE GOOD

60
Q

How has the role of a graphic designer changed during the Ad Boom?

A

They start helping companies establish visual brands, logos, global advertising campaigns & assisting companies in connecting with their audience visually

61
Q

What other design movement did we have in the 80s-90s?

A

Postmodern design
It developed at the end of the ’60s but became popular in Interior Design in the ’70s/’80s.

62
Q

How can the Postmodern movement be described?

A

Bright & Experimental.
Let’s break some rules.
Controversial and/but different.

63
Q

What is Deconstructionism?

A

A movement within the Postmodern design which gave buildings a fragmented look.
No rectangular shapes & distorted exteriors are used. (Walt Disney Concert Hall)

64
Q

What was born in the postmodern era?

A

Abstract Logos were born out of this movement of breaking the grid, but also providing this fluid movement with rounded edges & overlapping elements.

65
Q

What did we enter in the ’90s?

A

The Digital Age
1990s-Now

66
Q

How did The Digital Age affect the design?

A

User experience design has made the styles evolve in the last decade

67
Q

What’s at the core of UX design?

A

It puts the user at the centre of the focus ensuring no roadblocks to accomplishing their goals, wishes and desires.

Graphic Design Theory (5 decks)

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