History of South Africa Flashcards

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1
Q

Three Major Conflicts of the 1980’s

A
  1. Conflicting political ideology:
    The British government sought unifying South Africa under
    Imperial British rule, whereas the two Boer republics of the
    Orange Free State and the Transvaal had a desire for
    independence.
  2. Gold Discovery in Witwatersrand (1886)
    Made SA the world’s primary gold producer
    Created tension between British interests and Boer governments
  3. Tension between political leaders:
    Cecil Rhodes was the supporter of the British imperial plan to
    unite South Africa under British rule. Paul Kruger was a supporter
    of Boer independence. These conflicting agendas resulted in two
    leaders to be at loggerheads with each other.
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2
Q

Who was the ruling party in 1948

A

national party came to power
continuing and strengthening the idea of
White, particularly Afrikaner superiority

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3
Q

4 Ideas that were at the heart of Apartheid.

A

 4 racial groups.
 White racial group formed a single nation.
 White as a civilized culture.
 White interests above any other

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4
Q

Legislation that enabled the Apartheid ideas

A

Population Registration Act, 1950: Required people to register from birth as belonging to one of four different racial groups: White, Black, Coloured and Indian.

The prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act, 1949 which was amended in 1968: Prohibited marriages between races.

Immoratality Act, 1957: The law made it illegal to have sex with people of different races in the area of marriage as well as casual sex.

Group Areas Act, 1950: It was obsessed with separating the citizens of South Africa on a racial basis.

Bantu Education Act, 1953:
The Act advocated for separate schools for each of South Africa’s population groups -whites, Africans, Indians, and Coloured.
 Its purpose was to create a separate and different school system for African people way too inferior to that rendered in white schools.

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5
Q

Economic Changes

A
  1. Early Economy
    Based on primary commodities (diamonds, gold)
    Required cheap, unskilled labour
  2. Economic Shift (1960s-70s)
    Manufacturing overtook mining as dominant sector
    Created need for skilled, settled workforce
    Apartheid policies became economic obstacle
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6
Q

Opposition to Apartheid

A

o ANC and other black organizations
o Some white universities
o Churches
o Trade unions

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7
Q

Apartheid and The International Community

A

 Western countries in general supported the apartheid government because of two main reason.
 First, they benefitted from the rich resources discovered in South Africa
and trade in general.
 Second, South Africa was seen as an ally against the soviet and communism. The British supported the regime until the end of the 1980’s.
 The soviets and the communist block supported the anti-Apartheid cause and armed insurrection in Southern Africa.

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8
Q
A
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