History Of Sex Flashcards
Monogamy
One partner ONLY
Polygamy
Many partners at the same time.
Polygyny
One man with many women
Polyandry
One woman with many men
Ancient Greece and Rome
Open and accepting of many sexual practices
Liberal sexuality
Pederasty
Greek older men would mentor boys. Boys would return sexual favors (sign of respect)
Polygamy is a romantic/sexual relationship with…
Multiple partners
In ancient China, what were Confucianism’s views on sexuality?
Very conservative, sex for procreation
In early Judaic traditions, marital sex was…
Biblical times
Highly encouraged
Sex for procreation only. Sex for pleasure serious offense.
T or F.
The Victorian era in England during 19th century produced a very anti-sex culture?
True
The sexual revolution happened in which decades?
1960s & 1970s
Scientific method
Case studies - Study one subject for a long time.
observational studies- Study natural behavior and responses.
experimental studies- cause & effect
W. Masters and V. Johnson studied….
Sexual response , sexual dysfunction, sexual therapies/variations
Abstinence- only sex education, which promotes withdrawal from sex until marriage as the only method to prevent STIs and childbirth, had been found to be { } when compared to more comprehensive sex education.
Ineffective
Ancient China
TAOISM
Very liberal, sex for pleasure, etc.
Very restricted about sex and sexuality.
Sex seen as a sinful act.
Too much passion is adultery even with husband-and-wife. Marriage between two people and God.
Early Christianity
Denial of sexual pleasure.
Anti-sex culture, medical misinformation, extreme views on masturbation.
Anti-Masturbation devices created for younger boys to train not to masturbate.
The Victorian era
19 century England
America in the 1920s saw a big change in views.
Sexuality embraced & promiscuity more open.
Women grew more sexual power. Dating became more customary women could pick mates.
The roaring 20s
Sexual Revolution-free love
Birth control- pill/abortion
Premarital sex-becoming norm
Open sexuality- more acceptance
60s and 70s
Sex and the media
Rise of aids and STI awareness
LGBT civil rights
Diverse views on sexuality
Modern sexuality
American biologist and sexologist.
One of the first official sex researchers.
Founded the institute for sex research at Indiana university. Heavily influenced views on sexuality through the scientific scope.
Alfred Kinsey 1894 - 1956
The scientific method is used for what?
Objective knowledge
Work outside of personal bias
Promotes critical thinking
Huge influence on modern sexuality.
Austrian neurologist.
Discussed sex as a primary motivator and sparked much controversy.
Sigmund Freud
1856-1939
Existed for over 200,000 years most of that spent in North Africa.
Complex courtship and mate selection dating-methods & choosing the right mate.
Early humans
Gonad development
Gonad organ that produces gametes.
Gametes-sperm or ova (eggs).
Undifferentiated stage, ducts that have base parts to make male or female
Wolffian duct
Male reproductive organs develop.
Exposure to testosterone.
Anti-mullerian hormone
Müllerian duct degrades.
Müllerian duct
Female reproductive organs develop.
No presidents of anti-mullerian hormone
Wolffian duct degrades
What organ primarily produces sperm?
Testicles (seminiferous tubules).
Where is testosterone produced
Testicles, ovaries, adrenal glands
What is the primary function of the seminal vesicles
Producing seminal fluid (semen).
Why do erections occur
Internal penis tissue swelled with blood
An average erect penis length is…
5.5 inches
When you look at a woman’s genitalia straight on, what are you looking at?
The vulva
Female genital cutting is…
Female circumcision clitoridectomy
Genital infibulation
What are the milk producing glands located in the breasts?
Mammary glands
What helps regulate estrogen
Mood
ovulation
body fat
Thought to be present in about 10% of women…
The G spot
Long coiled tube that transports sperm away from the testicles.
Sperm matures as it travels through
Epididymis
Passageway where sperm travels towards the seminal vesicles
Vas deferens
Organ that contributes various substances to seminal fluid.
Prostate gland
Lowers pH level of vagina
adds substance to make semen coagulate
Prostate gland
Average flaccid penis size
3.75 inches
Labia majora
Outside skin
Larger fold of skin surrounding vaginal opening from moms to perineum
Labia minora
Hairless folds of skin between the labia majora
Only known function is sexual pleasure
developed from the same tissue penises develop from
The clitoris
What percentage of women will develop breast cancer
12%
Female gonads that produce ova (eggs) and female hormones
The ovaries
Fallopian tubes
Passageways where ova are transported towards the uterus
Sperm will fertilize an ovum
The womb
The uterus
Hollow muscular organ where ova are normally implanted and gestation/menstruation occurs
The sheath like canal extending from the vulva to the cervix
The vagina
Vagina size aroused
5-7 inches long
Process of menstruation
Discharging blood and other materials from the lining of the uterus. Occurs when an ova is not fertilized. Typically on a 28 day cycle. PMS usually starts 3 to 14 days before the start of a menstrual period.
How are the penis and the clitoris related?
Developed from the same tissue
What are the names and functions of each part of the female internal anatomy?
Ovaries, produce ova(eggs) and female hormones. Fallopian tubes-passageway where ova transports towards uterus.
Uterus-ova normally implanted & menstruation occurs. Cervix-The neck of the uterus. Connects uterus and the vagina canal. Vagina-receives the penis during intercourse.
What are some effects of normal amounts of testosterone and estrogen?
Associated with sexual desire and interest.
Produced in the testicles ovaries and adrenal glands
How does sexual selection work?
Attractive traits are defined by biological and social benefit
Genes are selected by what is most attractive
What is the red queen theory?
Genetic recombination keeps parasites & bacteria from becoming too well adapted to our species
Constantly recombining genes!!!
Self stimulation of ones genitals
Masturbation
History of vibrators. When did vibrators come about?
The industrial revolution and Victorian era
Doctors use vibrators to treat what
Female hysteria
Mental images or patterns that stir a persons sexuality and create arousal
Sexual fantasies
difference between men and women when it comes to sexual fantasies
Men are more visual
women are more intimate
Stimulation of the genitals by Parton
Partnered masturbation
Inserting or thrusting a man’s erect penis into a woman’s vagina
Sexual intercourse
Oral stimulation of a woman’s genitals
Cunnilingus
Oral stimulation of a man’s genitals
Fellatio
Oral stimulation of the Anus
Anilingus
Name and describe each stage of the sexual response cycle
*Desire- attain a sexual goal
1 excitement- preparation to have sexual encounter.
2 plateau-Peak of sexual arousal
3 orgasm-brief and intense sensation
4 Resolution/refractory period- return to unaroused state
What is female ejaculation
Emission of fluid from the urethral opening during orgasm
10-40% experience
Skenes gland
Female prostate
Produces the fluid emitted during female ejaculation
Does penis size matter
No!!! Varies by girth, weight, angle, and motion
Do aphrodisiacs work?
No evidence of any working. Some only give a very small temporary and indirect effect.
What are some treatments for STI’s
Combination of various antibiotic medications or routine vaccination to prevent
What’s the difference between hepatitis A, B, and C?
Viral infections of the liver. Hepatitis A is infected feces in food. Hepatitis B is infected blood and body fluids 50% by sexual contact and hepatitis C is infected blood and body fluids but rarely by sexual contact.
How does HIV and AIDS work?
Virus that kills helper T cells. HIV is spread by blood and sexual fluids. HIV kills helper T cells which identify disease causing agent for the immune sys. to fight off. With the immune sys. down the body is very susceptible to being unable to fight off disease or infection.
Describe how HIV causes AIDS
Infection caused by HIV which destroys the immune system. AIDS is developed when HIV levels are life-threatening & opportunistic infections are present.
What does AIDS stand for
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
What does HIV stand for
Human immunodeficiency virus
19.7 million infected each year.
Highest at 49%
15 to 24 age range of most new cases
STI’s in the US
Single celled organisms that have the genetic material to reproduce themselves
Bacterial infections
Infectious agents that invade who sells to reproduce new virus particles (think zombie)
Viral infections
Known as crabs. Parasites attach to pubic hair & feed on human blood. Very itchy, extremely small, transmitted through sexual contact, can be transmitted through clothing and bedding
Pubic lice
Parasitic mites that burrow under the skin to lay eggs. Very itchy, red bumps, causes dry scaly skin, transmitted through sexual contact clothing and bedding.
Scabies
Known as the clap and the drip. Bacterial infection transmitted through mucous membranes often found in sexual areas. Pus/discharge, irritation, burning sensation during urination.
Gonorrhea
If untreated can in flame and damage internal reproductive organs
Gonorrhea
Bacterial infection transmitted through mucous membranes often found in sexual areas.
milder version
Chlamydia
Bacterial infection transmitted through any opening into the bloodstream
Syphilis
Protozoan infection of the vagina and urethra transmitted through sexual contact
A.k.a. trich
Trichomoniasis
Difference between oral and genital herpes
Oral - sores and blisters,mouth
genital -sores and blisters, genitals
Transmitted by oral sex or intercourse
Viral infections transmitted through sex involving genitals.
100 types, 40 types through sex, #1 STI in America
Genital warts -genitals, anus
HPV
Human papilloma virus
