History of Psychoanalysis - Freud Flashcards
Hypnotherapy - Breuer
Anna O and free association (Breuer)
Breuer Theory
Symptoms could be removed by promoting the expression of those unconscious feelings/affects that led to the symptoms
The Seduction Theory
Elisabeth von R - 1st patient Freud treated awake, proving patients could remember but resisted and thought they forgot. When treating women in hypnotherapy, they would talk about sexual molestation which he initially took at face value. But as he continued working with them, he realized it could not be true that every single woman was molested. He concluded that some of them were, but many were traumatized due to their fantasies of molestations. So he left the seduction theory.
Free Association
1896 - fundamental rule for psychoanalysis. You instruct the patient to speak of whatever comes to their mind. One thought leads to another and so on. The clinician must try to understand the relationship between these thoughts
Resistance
The counterpart to free association. Patients would start talking then stop when they approached the loaded material ‘resistances.’ Originally believed as an obstacle in treatment.
Transference
Patients related to the therapist in different ways (thoughts and feelings). Originally believed as an obstacle in treatment. `
Topographical
According to Freud, the mental apparatus can be broadly understood in terms of three mental systems: the systems unconscious (Ucs.), preconscious (Pcs.), and conscious (Cs.)
Psychosexual Stages
Freud’s oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages
2 - Drives
Eros: Sexual instinct. Today known as libidio, sexual energy. Survival, love, prosocial behavior. The desire for sexuality but also connection. Thanatos: death instinct. All life is death. Involves aggression, but also desire for separation. These two are in-balance so we can connect with each other without losing ourself
Oral Stage
(0-2) Main conflict: dependency ‘i depend on you to feed me.’ Fear: survival, loss of object
Anal Stage
(2 - 5) Main conflict: control/autonomy. When child realizes they can control putting out or retaining their feces at will. Fear: loss of love from the object.
Genital Stage
(5-7) Main conflict: competition. Fear: castration Child now has 2 objects (the primary and now the secondary; one for nurturance and one for play). This creates the child feeling like they want to keep their nurture person all to themselves, but knows they will lose because their father is stronger and they know they will win and take what is precious to them. Which part of my body is treasured at this time? Their genitals, which is why the fear is that of castration.
Structural Theory
(1923) The 3 agencies - Id, Ego, Superego
Id
Ruled by ‘pleasure principle’ - wish and wants, reservoir of impulses/desires. Governed by primary process, not laws of logic - secondary process. The Id knows no morality. This includes the 2 drives; eros and Thanatos
Superego
Comprised of adult morals, regulations, prohibitions. When healthy, it is moral and flexible. Superego is the ego ideal, what you aspire to be.
