History of programming

Question 1

When was the first computer program created?

What was it used for?

Answer 1

1842 by Ada Lovelace calculating Bernoulli numbers

Question 2

How was the programming bug discovered?

Answer 2

By finding a real bug.

Question 3

Name 2 computing pioneers.

Answer 3

Ada Lovelace (1815-1852)
Grace Hopper (1906-1992)

Question 4

First Software Engineer and what did they design.

Answer 4

Margaret Hamilton. Designed Apollo Guidance computer to run tasks by real-time priority instead of expected sequence.

Question 5

What did early programming during the 1940s to 1960s focused on?

Answer 5

Language structure, instruction set, and investing key elements like variables, sorting, binary tree, modular programs, subroutines, breakpoints/debugging, and compiles.

Question 6

What did the 1970s introduce to programming?

Answer 6

{ scope } instead of GOTO / label

Question 7

When was C founded and by who?

Answer 7

1978 by Kernighan & Ritchie

Question 8

What did the 1980s introduce to programming?

Answer 8

Language standards, libraries, data I/O via database.

Question 9

What did the 1990s introduce to programming?

Answer 9

GUIs & event-driven programming, the rise of the Internet, and object-orientation

Question 10

What did the 2000s introduce to programming?

Answer 10

Object-Oriented Programming became mainstream.

Question 11

What is a platform?

Answer 11

OS + hardware

Question 12

What is low-level?

Answer 12

runs directly on the hardware (Assembly, C, C++ runs directly on x86 architecture, not the OS)

Question 13

What is High-Level?

Answer 13

run on the OS using services of Low-Level code

Question 14

What is Interpreted/Scripting Languages?

Answer 14

line-by-line execution of source code. Not compiled, slower but flexible. Variables dynamically typed at run time.

Question 15

What is Domain-Specific Language?

Answer 15

Languages that exist inside an application.

Question 16

Name a few Domain-Specific Languages?

Answer 16

Command Language, Interpreter (CLI), Data-Oriented languages like SQL.

Question 17

What are compiled languages?

Answer 17

Languages that are translated into machine-specific instructions from source code.

Question 18

Hybrid Languages?

Answer 18

first compiled into platform-neutral bytecode and then interpreted by a virtual machine for the local platform.

Question 19

Name 3 non-programming languages.

Answer 19

HTML, CSS, XML

Question 20

What is internal hardware?

Answer 20

Devices reside inside the computer case like the motherboard and NIC.

Question 21

Name a few processing hardware,

Answer 21

CPU, ALU, FPU, and GPU

Question 22

What do we mean by computer programming?

Answer 22

A process that leads from an original formulation to a problem to the executable computer program.

Question 23

What do we mean by Algorithm

Answer 23

a self-contained step-by-step set of operations that solve a problem

Question 24

What do we mean by code?

Answer 24

A set of instructions programmed into a computer to perform an algorithm.

Question 25

What do we mean by a computer program?

Answer 25

Sets of code that tell a computer what to do. Compiled into machine code and executed by CPU.