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SCRCOG AICP Study Club :) > History of Planning > Flashcards

History of Planning Flashcards

1
Q

This national policy provided guaranteed home loans to veterans in 1944 and was a driving force in US suburbanization

A

Servicemen’s Readjustment Act (GI Bill)

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2
Q

In 1893, the Columbian Exposition (in Chicago, IL) created the foundation of which early planning movement?

A

City Beautiful Movement

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3
Q

The 1909 Plan for Chicago is sometimes viewed as the first American regional plan and was primarily created by who?

A

Daniel Burnham

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4
Q

In 1682, this city became the first in the US to have a major grid plan and a neighborhood park system.

A

Philadelphia, PA

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5
Q

Famous for his work on the first radio-centric plan in the US and the “masterpiece of American colonial city planning” (in Williamsburg, VA)

A

Francis Nicholson

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6
Q

This plan for Washington DC was the first US Grand Plan in 1790 and was written by who?

A

Pierre Charles L’Enfant

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7
Q

Name of the person associated with the ward park system, which began in Savannah, GA and was followed for over 120 years (starting in 1733).

A

James Oglethorpe

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8
Q

U.S. Route 40 began in 1811 and was the first what?

A

Federal highway

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9
Q

This was the first major purchase of parkland and the first major English Garden in the United States (Hint: it’s still famous)

A

Central Park, NYC

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10
Q

This landscape architect designed many of our famous parks including NYC’s Central Park and Prospect Park

A

Frederick Law Olmsted Sr.

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11
Q

This city was home to the first major tenement house control in 1867

A

New York City

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12
Q

The 1876 Supreme Court case “Munn v. Illinois was the first time the court upheld regulation of what?

A

Private enterprise

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13
Q

In 1880, this was the first city for the Census to show had a population of over 1 million people

A

New York City

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14
Q

Jacob Riis wrote “How the Other Half Lives” and “Children of the Poor” to focus on the problems of what in America?

A

Slums and poverty, which lead to the 1892 study of slums, which was the first US federal city housing study

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15
Q

In 1880, the model industrial town (Pullman, IL) was built and designed by?

A

George Pullman

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16
Q

Eugene Debs is associated with the 1894 workers riot in which industrial town?

A

Pullman

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17
Q

In 1897, the first American Subway was created in what city?

A

Boston, MA

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18
Q

Who wrote the 1898 book, “A Peaceful Path to Real Reform” that inspired the Garden City movement?

A

Ebenezer Howard

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19
Q

This 1902 plan was written by Daniel Burnham and Frederick Law Olmsted Jr. and was an update of L’Enfant’s original Washington DC plan

A

McMillian Plan for Washington DC

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20
Q

In 1903 Howard’s first garden city was created where? (Hint: Not in the US)

A

Letchworth, England

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21
Q

The first mainland application of City Beautiful was found in which plan in 1906?

A

Plan of San Francisco

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22
Q

In Pittsburg, PA in 1907, the first comprehensive social science city survey was conducted by?

A

Shelby Harrison

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23
Q

In 1907, this city was the first to establish a permanent local and official planning board

A

Hartford, CT

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24
Q

In 1909, Washington DC hosted what important conference (including Benjamin Marsh and Henry Morgenthan)

A

The first national conference on city planning and the problems of congestion

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25
Q

In 1909, which state was the first to develop an enabling act for planning?

A

Wisconsin

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26
Q

In 1909, this city was the first to use zoning on raw land to shape future development

A

Los Angeles, CA

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27
Q

In 1909, James Sturgis Pray lead the first American course in city planning at this university

A

Harvard University

28
Q

Who was responsible for the 1910 first American application of the neighborhood unit idea in NY?

A

Frederick Law Olmsted Jr.

29
Q

In 1916, the state of Ohio and Alfred Bettman created the Planning Enabling Act which was the model for what?

A

Planning commissions

30
Q

In 1916, NYC had the first…

A

Comprehensive zoning ordinance

31
Q

The National Highway Act was created in what year? (it was the first since the national road: US Route 40)

A

1916

32
Q

In 1917, this was the first professional planning organization in the US

A

American City Planning Institute (ACPI)

33
Q

The 1919 Ohio Planning Conference was the first statewide citizen’s association in support of planning and was the model for what present day organization?

A

APA

34
Q

Which Census was the first to show more than half of American’s living in urban areas?
1) 1910
2) 1920
3) 1930
4) 1940

A

2) 1920 Census

35
Q

In 1922, the first county planning board was formed in…

A

Los Angeles, CA

36
Q

In 1922, Kansas City, MO created the Country Club Plaza, which was the first…

A

First auto-oriented suburban shopping center

37
Q

In 1923, Harvard University created the first…

A

First graduate degree with city planning in the title

38
Q

In 1925, the Cincinnati Plan of 1915 was adopted and became the first…

A

Major city to adopt a comprehensive plan

39
Q

This Supreme Court case in 1926 was the landmark case that upheld comprehensive zoning

A

Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty

40
Q

In 1926, this state was the first to establish a state housing subsidy program under the guidance of Clarence Stein and Henry Wright

A

New York

41
Q

Clarence Stein and Henry Wright helped to build Radburn, NJ, which became the model for…

A

Superblock Developments

42
Q

The 1929 regional plan of NY included the neighborhood unit which was created by…

A

Clarence Perry

43
Q

In 1929, which university created the first graduate school of city planning?

A

Harvard University

44
Q

The Civilian Conservation Corps and the Public Works Administration were part of…

A

The New Deal

45
Q

In 1933, the Tennessee Valley Authority was created and became the first…

A

Federal regional planning effort

46
Q

FHA Mortgage Insurance was created when?

A

1934, as part of the New Deal Programs

47
Q

In 1934, the first national organization of citizens in support of planning was created and Alfred Bettman was the first president. It was called…

A

The American Society of Planning Officials (ASPO)

47
Q

The US Housing Act of 1937 including Catherine Bauer, Ernest Bohn, and Robert Wagner was the first legislative commitment to…

A

Public Housing

47
Q

Greenbelt, MD; Green Hills, OH; and Greendale, WI were all created by the USDA as part of what project?

A

The Greenbelt Towns project, a New Deal Federal Project which was an experiment in redistributing populations

48
Q

How many US Housing Acts are there?

A

Six (1937, 1949, 1954, 1959, 1961, 1968)

49
Q

In 1939, the American City Planning Institute (ACPI est. 1917) became…

A

The American Institute of Planners (AIP)

50
Q

Which Census year was the first to show city population moving to the suburbs?

A

1940

51
Q

The 1941 book “Local Planning Administration” became known as the postwar planning cookbook and was written by…

A

Ladislas Segoe

52
Q

In 1947, Atlanta Metro planning was created by state legislature and was the first in the US to…

A

Be funded from the beginning with public funds

53
Q

Which housing act required compliance with city plans?

A

US Housing Act of 1949

54
Q

Which housing act created urban renewal and large scale public housing?

A

US Housing Act of 1954

55
Q

The US Housing Act of 1954 included Title 1 Section 701, which required what?

A

Comprehensive plans and allotment of funding to planning

56
Q

In 1954, Victor Gruen designed the Northland Mall which became the model…

A

Shopping plaza

57
Q

The 1954 Supreme Court case “Berman v. Parker” was in response to what?

A

Urban renewal, created a bill of rights for urban renewal

58
Q

In 1956, this national program was created under the Eisenhower administration and created large scale infrastructure

A

The National Interstate Highway System

59
Q

50/50 (federal/local) funding for most US planning was established through which legislation?

A

US Housing Act of 1959

60
Q

The US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) was created in 1965 and the first secretary of HUD was who?

A

Robert Weaver

61
Q

When was advocacy planning begun?

A

The 1960s

62
Q

Federal Fair Housing Law was created in which year?

A

1968

63
Q

This legislation marked the end of Redlining as a practice

A

1968 Fair Housing Act

64
Q

The 1961 Housing Act created the 221-d-3 program which created…

A

Below market interest rate rentals for low and middle income households and federal assistance for mass transportation

65
Q

In 1978, these two organizations merged to form the American Planning Association (APA) and, within it, the American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP)

A

American Institute of Planners (AIP) and American Society of Planning Officials (ASPO)

SCRCOG AICP Study Club :) (6 decks)

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