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OT101 > History of OT > Flashcards

History of OT Flashcards

1
Q

Awakening of social consciousness and awareness about social structures lead to vast inequities.

A

Period of Awakening

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2
Q

The awakening of resulted to the acknowledgement of

A

Mental disorders and their treatment

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3
Q

When is the Period of Awakening?

A

17th to 19th Century | Late 1970’s – 1990’s

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4
Q

All people, even the most challenged, are entitled to consideration and human compassion

A

Moral Treatment

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5
Q

Major Assumptions of Moral Treatment

A

o People with mental illness were morally insane
o Insanity was a physical disease that could be cured through regimen of work and regimen
o Done with the context of services of religion and education, the support and restriction of group living

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6
Q

French psychiatrist, works treatment in asylum in Paris 1786

A

Philippe Pinel

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7
Q

Used occupation (music, literature, farming) to divert patients minds away from their emotional disturbances and toward improving their skills.

A

Philippe Pinel

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8
Q

Philippe Pinel, a French psychiatrist, works treatment in asylum in _____

A

Paris 1786

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9
Q

Founded the York retreat in England 1976 together with Tomas Fowler.

A

William Tuke

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10
Q

Believed moral treatment is better than using drugs

A

William Tuke

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11
Q

William Tuke founded the ___ in ______ together with ______

A

York retreat, England 1976, Tomas Fowler

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12
Q

What are the key features of the York Retreat?

A
  • Idea of non-constraint
  • Mental illness is curable
  • Patient can be encouraged to learn self-control
  • Patient can be engaged in variety of employment/ amusement using attendants
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13
Q

Popularized Moral Treatment

A

Samuel Tuke

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14
Q

First physical and first American to institute moral treatment in the US

A

Benjamin Rush

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15
Q

Light manual labor in Pennsylvania Hospital, 1752

A

Benjamin Rush

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16
Q

Father of American Psychiatry

A

Benjamin Rush

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17
Q

Adopted to concept of “occupation and non-constrain” at Asylum for the insane

A

Thomas Scattergood & Thomas Eddy

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18
Q

Key Features that led to the development of OT profession:

A

o Diversional Therapy
o Manual Training
o Vocational Education
o Occupational Training

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19
Q

Arts and Crafts Movement

A

Early 1900s | England

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20
Q

Proponents of Moral Treatment

A 
o	Philippe Pinel
o	William Tuke
o	Samuel Tuke
o	Benjamin Rush
o	Thomas Scattergood & Thomas Eddy
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21
Q

Physician who graduated at Harvard Medical School

A

Dr. Herbert James Hall

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22
Q

Provides medical supervision of crafts for the purpose of improving their health and financial independence

A

Dr. Herbert James Hall

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23
Q

Worked with invalid patients

A

Dr. Herbert James Hall

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24
Q

When did Dr. Herbert James Hall establish a facility at Marblehead, Massachusetts. Where patients with neurasthenia worked with arts and crafts as a part of treatment.

A

1904

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25
Q

When did Dr. Herbert James Hall coin the term “Work Cure”

A

1906

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26
Q

1904 – established a facility at Marblehead, Massachusetts. Where patients with neurasthenia worked with arts and crafts as a part of treatment.

A

Dr. Herbert James Hall

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27
Q

1906 – coined the term “Work Cure”

A

Dr. Herbert James Hall

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28
Q

A nurse who became the first OT

A

Susan Tracy

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29
Q

Wrote the first known OT book “Studies of Invalid Occupation”

A

Susan Tracy

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30
Q

Swiss physician who immigrated to the US in 1892

A

Adolf Meyer

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31
Q

Became a professor in psychiatry at John Hopkins University

A

Adolf Meyer

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32
Q

The philosophy of Occupational Therapy, 1921

A

Adolf Meyer

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33
Q

Made the 1st conceptual model of Occupational Therapy

A

Adolf Meyer

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34
Q

Introduced systematic type of activity to the ward in Massachusetts in 1892

A

Adolf Meyer

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35
Q

Used Occupational Therapy for the Nervous and Mentally ill in 1925

A

Louis Haas

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36
Q

A social worker who co-founded the Hull House

A

Jane Addams

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37
Q

Founded by Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr in 1889 Chicago

A

Hull House

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38
Q

Who founded the Hull House? When was it created?

A

Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr in 1889 Chicago

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39
Q

What is the purpose of the Hull House?

A

o To provide a center for higher civic and social life, to institute and maintain educational philanthropic enterprises and to investigate and improve the conditions in the industrial districts of Chicago
o Provide recreational facilities for slum children and fighting for child labor laws
o Classes for training attendants of the insane attended by Eleanor Clarke Slagle

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40
Q

Major Proponents of the Arts and Crafts Movement

A
  1. Dr. Herbert James Hall
  2. Susan Tracy
  3. Adolf Meyer
  4. Louis Haas
  5. Jane Addams
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41
Q

Found in the book “Educational Handbook” by Thomas Kidner in 1910

A

Manual Training

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42
Q

Educational Handwork

A

Manual Training

43
Q

Who wrote Educational Handbook?

A

Thomas Kidner in 1910

44
Q

What is the purpose of Manual Training?

A

o Acquisition of dexterity and skill of the hand
o Training the eye to a sense of form and beauty
o Formation of habit accuracy, order, and neatness
o Inculcation of love and industry and of habit of patience, perseverance, and self-reliance.

45
Q

First president of National Society for the Promotion of OT

A

George Edward Barton

46
Q

Coined the term “Occupational Therapy”

A

George Edward Barton

47
Q

Benefited from the treatment of his own illness

A

George Edward Barton

48
Q

Father of OT

A

William Rush Dunton Jr.

49
Q

Wrote the book “Occupational Therapy: A Manual for Nursing” in 1915

A

William Rush Dunton Jr.

50
Q

Psychiatrist who was hired as Assistant Staff at the Sheperd Asylum in Maryland in 1891.

A

William Rush Dunton Jr.

51
Q

Mother of OT

A

Eleanor Clarke Slagle

52
Q

Began her career Social Service Worker

A

Eleanor Clarke Slagle

53
Q

Used “Habit Training” in 1912

A

Eleanor Clarke Slagle

54
Q

Organized the first professional OT school in Chicago: Henry B. Farvill School of Occupations in 1906

A

Eleanor Clarke Slagle

55
Q

What was the first professional OT school organized by Eleanor Clarke Slagle?

A

Henry B. Farvill School of Occupations in 1906

56
Q

Arts and crafts instructor from Berkely, California that stayed in the Philippines

A

Susan Cox Johnson

57
Q

Later became the Director of Occupations in New York State Department

A

Susan Cox Johnson

58
Q

Sought to demonstrate that occupation is morally uplifting and could improve the physical and mental state of patients and inmates in public hospitals, and in slum houses.

A

Susan Cox Johnson

59
Q

1919 – Chaired the education to develop standards for OT education

A

Susan Cox Johnson

60
Q

Joined the faculty of teacher’s college in the department of nursing and health where she taught OT

A

Susan Cox Johnson

61
Q

Advocated for higher educational standards and for education fewer but more competent OTs vs. larger numbers of less competent OTs.

A

Susan Cox Johnson

62
Q

Founded by George Barton, William Dunton, Eleanor Clarke Slagle, Susan Cox Johnson, Thomas Kidner, and Isabel Newton

A

National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy

63
Q

Who founded the National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy?

A
  • George Barton
  • William Dunton
  • Eleanor Clarke Slagle
  • Susan Cox Johnson
  • Thomas Kidner
  • Isabel Newton
64
Q

Official Organization of OTs

A

National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy

65
Q

Where was National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy founded?

A

In Clifton Springs, New York

66
Q

Produced the certificate of incorporation of NSPOT.

A

March 15, 1917

67
Q

When did National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy changed its name to AOTA (American Occupational Therapy Association)?

A

1921

68
Q

Pushed for “Reconstruction Aides” to army hospital

A

Eleanor Clarke Slagle

69
Q

Physical dysfunction in OT gained momentum

A

WW1

70
Q

First president of CAOT (Canadian Association for Occupational Therapists)

A

Dr. Goldwin Howland

71
Q

Neurologist who uses curative workshop

A

Dr. Goldwin Howland

72
Q

Was inspired by what OT had to offer to those suffering in body and mind

A

Dr. Goldwin Howland

73
Q

“Essential of an acceptable school of OT” by AOTA with American Medical Association for inspection of OT schools, 5 out of 13 schools were approved

A

WW2 | 1931

74
Q

First formal subjective registration examination

A

WW2 | 1939

75
Q

5 schools increased to 18 schools

A

WW2 | 1945

76
Q

OTs finally achieved military status in the US

A

WW2 | 1947

77
Q

What does WFOT stand for?

A

WORLD FEDERATION OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY

78
Q

When and where was WFOT founded?

A

June 1951 at England

79
Q

Who are the founding members of WFOT?

A 
Canada
USA
Denmark 
Australia
Great Britain
New Zealand
South Africa
Israel
Sweden
India
80
Q

WFOT conducts council meetings every _____?

A

2 years

81
Q

WFOT Joint International Congress and council meetings every _____?

A

4 years

82
Q

When was WFOT admitted by the World Health Organization?

A

1959

83
Q

When was WFOT recognized by United Nations?

A

1963

84
Q

WFOT meeting held in Japan

A

2014

85
Q

WFOT meeting held in Cape Town, South Africa

A

2018

86
Q

Creation of OT assistants in the US (COTA)

A

1956

87
Q

Shift of OT practice from mental health to more popular physical disabilities

A

1970s

88
Q

When was the Philosophical Base of Occupational Therapy created?

A

1979

89
Q

What are the Philosophical Bases of Occupational Therapy?

A

o Human beings are able to influence their physical environment through purposeful activity
o Human life includes a process of continued adaptation
o Dysfunction may occur when adaptation is impaired

90
Q

Uniform Terminology was established by AOTA in?

A

1979

91
Q

Proponent of Restoration of Physical dysfunction

A

Clarke Spackman

92
Q

Proponent of Psychiatric OT

A

Gail Fidler

93
Q

Proponent of Neurobehavioral orientation

A

Jean Ayres

94
Q

Proponent of Occupational behavioral orientation

A

Mary Reilly

95
Q

Proponent of Prevention and community OT

A

Wilma West

96
Q

Proponent of FORs for psychiatric OT

A

Anne Mosey

97
Q

Definition of Occupational Therapy for purpose of licensure was adopted on?

A

1981

98
Q

Declared by WHO as an international year for disabled persons

A

1981

99
Q

What does NBCOT stand for?

A

National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy

100
Q

When was NBCOT established?

A

1986

101
Q

Formerly American Occupational Therapy Certification Board (1996)

A

National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy

102
Q

Father of Moral Movement

A

William Tuke

103
Q

Founders of OT Profession

A

George Edward Barton
William Rush Duntonn Jr.
Eleanor Clarke Slagle
Susan Coz Johnson

OT101 (2 decks)

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