History of Microbiology

Question 1

What are the first microbes to be seen the by na naked eye?

Answer 1

Bacteria and Protozoa

Question 2

Who initiated the invention of crude microscope?

Answer 2

Zacharias Jansen

Question 3

Who discovered the microscope?

Answer 3

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

Question 4

Who described microorganisms as Animacules meaning “little animals”?

Answer 4

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek 1623-1723

Question 5

Give other discoveries of Anton Van Leeuwenhoek.

Answer 5

1. accts of sperm
2. first account of RBC
3. first accounts of blood vessels

Question 6

Whi developed the Cell Theory?

Answer 6

1665 Robert Hooke

Question 7

Who developed the Theory of Spontaneous Generation?

Answer 7

1665 Robert Hooke

Question 8

This means “living things arise from non-living things”.

Answer 8

Abiogenesis

Question 9

Who proposed that living things arise from non-living things(Abiogenesis)?

Answer 9

1665 Robert Hooke

Question 10

How many years did the Theory of Spontaneous Generation last?

Answer 10

2000 years

Question 11

He is the proponent of small pox vaccine(variola).

Answer 11

Edward Jenner

Question 12

He introduced “Biogenesis”

Answer 12

Rudolf Virchow (1885)

Question 13

Cells arise from pre-existing cells.

Answer 13

BIOGENESIS

Question 14

He is regarded as the •Father of Modern Bacteriology”.

Answer 14

Louise Pasteur

Question 15

Together, they gave the final disproof for the Theory of Spontaneous Generation.

Answer 15

Louise Pasteur and John Tyndall (1861)

Question 16

What are the other contributions of Louise Pasteur?

Answer 16

1. Pasteurization
2. Anthrax Vaccine
3. Anti-rabies

Question 17

The pathway of light is seen through air because it is refracted by dust particles. This is known as the __________.

Answer 17

Tyndall Effect

Question 18

He made a specially designed box, after allowing dust particles to settle, he carefully placed the tines of sterile infusions in the box, as long as the dust os not disturbed, the infusion was sterile.

Answer 18

John Tyndall (1869)

Question 19

What are other contributions of John Tyndall?

Answer 19

1. Endoscope

2. Tyndallization

Question 20

It means “fractional distillation”

Answer 20

Tyndallization

Question 21

Who proved that a disease in silkworms was a result of fungal infection?

Answer 21

Agostino Bassi (1834)

Question 22

• demontrated the transmission of child bed fever
• Ordered his students to wash their hands with chlorinated lime before examining patient.
• Reduced maternal mortality rate from 12.24%-1.27% in 2 years

Answer 22

Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis (1840’s)

Question 23

What did Semmelweis order his students to use for handwashing?

Answer 23

Chlorinated lime

Question 24

An English Physician credited for his attempts to prevent infection following surgery by antiseptics.

Answer 24

Joseph Lister(1827-1912)

Question 25

What did Joseph Lister use in wound dressing and aerosole?

Answer 25

Carbolic acid and Phenol

Question 26

It is an infection that is not present before the pt. entered the hospital or even before antibiotic was given, the infection was acquired in the hospital.

Answer 26

Nosocomial infection/ Hospital acquired Infection

Question 27

Study of the cause of disease

Answer 27

Etiology

Question 28

Cause of disease

Answer 28

Etiologic agent

Question 29

A german physician known as the “Father of Bacteriologic Technique”.

Answer 29

Robert Koch(1843-1910)

Question 30

He formulated the “Germ Theory”, which means that for every disease there is a living organism responsible.

Answer 30

Robert Koch (1843-1910)

Question 31

What are other contributions of Robert Koch?

Answer 31

1. anthrax
2. Cholera
3. MTB