History of Medicine

Question 1

By 9000 BC, what was found?

Answer 1

cave paintings of figures of “medicine men”

fossils and bone

Question 2

what was the earliest urban society?

Answer 2

ancient sumerians

Question 3

what history early civilizations was mentioned in the old testament

Answer 3

assyrians

Question 4

in 3000 bc, how was medicine prescribed?

Answer 4

combination of magic and religion- spells, plants, herbs

Question 5

where were deities associtate with medicine?

Answer 5

egypt

Question 6

who was the deities patron of physicians?

Answer 6

thoth

Question 7

who was the deities that invoked for magical cures?

Answer 7

isis

Question 8

who was horus?

Answer 8

son of isis, protector against harm

Question 9

who was the first known physician in recorded history?

Answer 9

imhotep

Question 10

what was eber’s papyrus?

Answer 10

magical text citing isis

Question 11

what did the text ‘edwin smith papyrus’ describe?

Answer 11

quadriplegia

Question 12

what egyptian god is still used for precriptions today?

Answer 12

horus

Question 13

what greek god was a healer and associated with science?

Answer 13

apollo

Question 14

who was the first known greek associated with medicine?

Answer 14

aesculepius

Question 15

who was the son of apollo?

Answer 15

aesculepius

Question 16

who were the children of aesculpius?

Answer 16

hygeia (hygiene) and panacea (panacea- a cure for all treatment)

Question 17

who’s staff is the symbol of medicine?

Answer 17

aesculepius

Question 18

what is the modern symbol of medicine?

Answer 18

cadaceus- 1 snake coiled around a staff

staff of aesclepius

Question 19

aesculepius was worshipped as a deity of what?

Answer 19

healing

Question 20

who is deemed as the father of medicine?

Answer 20

hippocrates

Question 21

what were hippocrates’ main beliefs?

Answer 21

opposed supernatural explanation of illnesses

Question 22

hippocrates’ accurate case histories of what diseases?

Answer 22

pna, chf, tb

Question 23

the humoral theory of diseases was lead by which 3 greek philosophers?

Answer 23

hippocrates, plato, aristotle

Question 24

what are the 4 humors of the humoral theory of diseases?

Answer 24

yellow bile
black bile
phlegm
blood

Question 25

what are aristotle’s 3 scientific methods?

Answer 25

• study what others have written about the subject
• look for the general consensus about the subject
• perform a systematic study of everything even partially related to the topic

Question 26

where was human dissection allowed?

Answer 26

alexandria, egypt

Question 27

where did knowledge of anatomy begin?

Answer 27

alexandria, egypt

Question 28

Galen added much to the knowledge of what subjects?

Answer 28

infectious disease and pharmacology

Question 29

what did galen peform experiments on?

Answer 29

nervous system of pigs

Question 30

who first described the 4 classic symptoms of inflammation?

Answer 30

galen

Question 31

where was the first hospital?

Answer 31

baghdad

Question 32

which culture contributed to pharmacology encyclopedia?

Answer 32

arabic/muslim

Question 33

which culture influenced smallpox innoculation?

Answer 33

arabic/muslim

Question 34

who was the first and possibly greatest islamic scholar?

Answer 34

Ibn al-Haytham

Question 35

what did Ign al-Haytham do?

Answer 35

develop a scientific method similiar to the moden version

Question 36

what was the scientific method (4) developed by Ibn al-Haytham?

Answer 36

-state an explicit problem based on observation and experimentation
=test or criticize a hypothesis through experimentation
-interpret the data and come to a conclusion using math
-publish the findings

Question 37

What happened to medicine in medieval europe- the dark ages?

Answer 37

christianity controlled medicine for 500 years
st. benedict of nursia forbids medical education
progress was limited and medical knowledge stagnated

Question 38

who was medical practice restricted to in medieval Europe?

Answer 38

monks

Question 39

during medieval Europe, the church used the ideas of which two scholars?

Answer 39

galen and hippocrates

Question 40

where was the centre of medical teaching?

Answer 40

salerno, italy

Question 41

who developed anatomical drawings during the italian renasisance?

Answer 41

da vinci