History of Medicine Flashcards
Who stemmed smallpox?
Edward Jenner (1796)
Who is regarded as the father of medicine and in what time period did he practice?
Hippocrates. 400 BCE
What did Ambroise Pare use to dress wounds?
Egg yolk, oil of roses, turpentine
When was inoculation first used?
17th-18th century
What are the three substances of the human body, according to Indian medicine?
Sprit, phlegm, bile
What is the symbol for DOs?
Rod of Asclepius (Greek god of healing and medicine)
Who demonstrated (publicly) the presence of X-rays and in what year?
Roentgen. 1896
Who was the founding father of Indian medicine and first plastic surgeon?
Sushruta
What was Vesalius’ great work called and when was it published?
De humani corporis fabrica (The Structure of the Human Body). 1543
Who was a proponent of inoculation after witnessing a gypsy inoculate her son?
Lady Mary Montagu
Who founded homeopathic medicine?
Samuel Hahnemann
When was the American Medical Association formed and why?
- Onslaught of a superior medical system
What disease was a major problem for Egyptian doctors?
Schistosomiasis
Who invents the percussion technique?
Leopoldo Auenbrugger (1761)
Who performed human vivisection and in what time period?
Herophilus and Erasistratus. 300 BCE
Who describes the circulation of blood and when?
William Harvey. 1628
Who was the first obstetrician?
William Smellie
Who was the first physician known by name?
Imhotep
When did anesthetics arise?
13th century
Who invented the stethoscope?
Rene Laennec
Who published the book describing the symptoms patients had before they died?
Giovanni Battista Morgagni (1761)
Who was the first scientist to observe capillaries and when?
Marcello Malpighi. 1661
When did acupuncture arise?
3rd century BCE
Who “conquered” scurvy and when?
James Lind. 1747
What are the 8 treatments of Ayurvedic Medicine?
Surgery Tx of disease above clavicle Internal medicine Demonic possession Pediatrics Toxicology Prevention and building immunity Aphrodisiacs
What was Europe’s first medical school and when was it established?
The school of Salerno. 10th century
What are the six hygiene factors?
Ambient air Food and drink Exercise and rest Sleep and wakefulness Retention and evacuation of wastes Perturbations of the mind and emotions
What time period did surgery arise and who was the greatest surgeon of this time period?
16th-17th century. Ambroise Pare
Who replaced Galen’s ideas of anatomy nearly 1000 years later and when?
Vesalius. 1530’s
When was the modern version of the stethoscope introduced?
1852
What is the system of traditional medicine that translates to ‘science of life’?
Ayurveda
What are the four substances of the human body, according to Greek medicine?
Blood
Phlegm
Black bile
Yellow bile
Who brought medical knowledge from Tunisia to Europe?
Constantine the African
Who discovered oxygen?
Antoine Laurent Lavoisier (1794)
Who discovers foxglove from witnessing patient’s use of the herb? What is it commonly called?
William Withering (1785). Digitalis
When did Galen’s teachings become established?
2nd century CE
Who first described asthma and when?
Aretaeus. 100 CE
Who wrote the first illustrated manual of surgery?
Abul Kasim
Who used magnetic healing?
Franz Mesmer
When did blood transfusions first occur?
Late 1660s
