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History and Structure of European Union > History of Integration > Flashcards

History of Integration Flashcards

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1
Q

It is one of the patterns of development

A

Integration

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2
Q

Give six examples of major international economic organizations

A 
NAFTA
MERCOSUR
Andean Community
EU
ASEAN
APEC
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3
Q

What does NAFTA mean?

A

North America Free Trade Area

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4
Q

What countries are in NAFTA?

A

Canada, United States and Mexico

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5
Q

What countries are in MERCOSUR?

A

Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay

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6
Q

What does MERCOSUR mean?

A

Mercado Comun del Cono Sur

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7
Q

What countries are in the Andean Community?

A

Columbia, Peru, Ecuador and Venezuela

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8
Q

What are the countries in EU?

A

Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom

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9
Q

What are the countries in ASEAN?

A

Brunei, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam

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10
Q

What countries are in APEC?

A

Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, China, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, United States

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11
Q

What does ASEAN mean?

A

Association of Southeast Asian Nations

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12
Q

What does APEC mean?

A

Asian Pacific Economic Community

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13
Q

What are the eight causes of international integration?

A

a) need for profitable production
b) growth of size of production units
c) cooperation between industrial sectors
d) intensification of research and development
e) creation of an extensive market to achieve higher number of products
f) more workplaces
g) cheaper products
h) political objectives

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14
Q

What are two examples of political objectives?

A

a) joint force against the superpowers

b) stronger military power

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15
Q

What are the three characteristics of an organized international integration?

A

a) sovereign states or national economies
b) voluntary
c) complex, economic and political concentrations

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16
Q

Why do we need to emphasize the voluntary nature of integration?

A

Integration leads to the dissolution of a national economy, or to a certain extent, losing of identity

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17
Q

What does FTA mean?

A

Free Trade Area

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18
Q

What are the eight stages of international integration?

A

a) preferential trade area
b) free trade area
c) customs union
d) single market
e) economic union
f) economic and monetary union
g) complete economic integration
h) political union

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19
Q

Give an example of a regional consultative organisations?

A

APEC

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20
Q

They are agreements between countries that promote trade and commerce.

A

Bilateral Trade Agreement

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21
Q

Merger, association, amalgamation, coalition, interconnectedness, interlocking

A

Integration

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22
Q

By the first half of the 90s, more than _______ of the foreign trade were conducted by international regional organisations

A

2/3 or two-thirds

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23
Q

The first steps of international integration are rooted in _______

A

protectionism

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24
Q

How long does it take to reach the goal of a functioning economic political integration?

A

Decades

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25
Q

What marks as the first steps and beginning of the integration process?

A

Expansion of trade between partners

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26
Q

It is a short-term contract between two or more countries

A

Bilateral Trade Agreement

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27
Q

It is relatively loose, consultative, programme and prognosis making. Sometimes, coordinate with organisations where participants prepare common projects, financing and implementing them in cooperation. It has no institutions.

A

Regional Consultative Organisations

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28
Q

In this stage, the member states use tariffs and other trade police preferences to each other

A

Preferential Trading Area

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29
Q

It is formed when at least two states partially or fully abolish custom tariffs on their inner border

A

Free Trade Area

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30
Q

It introduces unified tariffs on the exterior borders of the union

A

Customs Union

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31
Q

It is the free movement of services, capital and labor

A

Single Market

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32
Q

It combines customs union with a common market

A

Economic Union

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33
Q

It introduces a shared currency

A

Economic and Monetary Union

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34
Q

It is the unification of economic policies, reduction in the rest of the trade barriers and introduction of supranational bodies.

A

Complete Economic Integration

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35
Q

It is the final stage of international integration

A

Political Union

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36
Q

CSME

A

CARICOM Single Market and Economy (Caribbean States)

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37
Q

EAEU

A

Eurasian European Union

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38
Q

It is the South American common market

A

MERCOSUR

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39
Q

GCC

A

Gulf Cooperation Council

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40
Q

It is the Central American cooperation system

A

SICA

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41
Q

It is the economic community of Central African states

A

CEMA

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42
Q

It is the West African economic and monetary union

A

UEMOA

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43
Q

EEA

A

European Economic Area

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44
Q

It is the Andean Community

A

CAN

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45
Q

EAC

A

East African Commmunity

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46
Q

EUCU

A

European Union Customs Union

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47
Q

EACU

A

East Asian Customs Union

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48
Q

SACU

A

Southern African Customs Union

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49
Q

CEFTA

A

Central European Free Trade Agreement

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50
Q

CISFTA

A

Commonwealth of Independent States Free Trade

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51
Q

COMESA

A

Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa

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52
Q

DCFTA

A

Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area

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53
Q

GAFTA

A

Grain and Feed Trade Association

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54
Q

SAFTA

A

South Asian Free Trade Area

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55
Q

AANZFTA

A

ASEAN-Australian New Zealand Free Trade Area

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56
Q

CSME

A

CARICOM Single Market and Economy (Caribbean States)

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57
Q

What are two key components that will help us understand Europe?

A

a) historical evolution prior to World War II

b) recent integration process

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58
Q

It is the South American common market

A

MERCOSUR

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59
Q

GCC

A

Gulf Cooperation Council

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60
Q

It is the Central American cooperation system

A

SICA

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61
Q

It is the economic community of Central African states

A

CEMA

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62
Q

It is the West African economic and monetary union

A

UEMOA

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63
Q

EEA

A

European Economic Area

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64
Q

What are important concepts that we understood during the Renaissance and Enlightenment period?

A

a) tolerance
b) freedom
c) respect of human rights
d) democracy

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65
Q

EAC

A

East African Commmunity

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66
Q

EUCU

A

European Union Customs Union

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67
Q

EACU

A

East Asian Customs Union

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68
Q

SACU

A

Southern African Customs Union

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69
Q

CEFTA

A

Central European Free Trade Agreement

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70
Q

CISFTA

A

Commonwealth of Independent States Free Trade

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71
Q

COMESA

A

Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa

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72
Q

DCFTA

A

Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area

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73
Q

“Europe thus divided into nationalities, freely formed and free internally, peace between states would have been easier: the United States of Europe would become a possibility”

A

Napoleon Bonaparte

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74
Q

SAFTA

A

South Asian Free Trade Area

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75
Q

AANZFTA

A

ASEAN-Australian New Zealand Free Trade Area

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76
Q

PAFTA

A

Peru-Australia Free Trade Area

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77
Q

True or False

The European Integration is an isolated process

A

False. It is one of the misconceptions that the integration process started after WWII

78
Q

Where did the first effort come from in the European integration process before WWII?

A

It was from the Roman Empire

79
Q

They constituted the first great effort to integrate an important section of our continent and the lands surrounding the Mediterranean Sea.

A

Roman Empire

80
Q

The ______ brought the idea of unification under the common banner of Christendom.

A

Middle Ages

81
Q

What two ideologies arose during the middle ages?

A

a) Eurocentrism (European culture as preeminent)

b) Superiority of European Civilisation

82
Q

What is the importance of Renaissance and Enlightenment in the foundation of the European integration process?

A

Without Renaissance and Enlightenment, we cannot understand the ideas of tolerance, freedom, respect of human rights and democracy

83
Q

What are important concepts that we understood during the Renaissance and Enlightenment period?

A

a) tolerance
b) freedom
c) respect of human rights
d) democracy

84
Q

Who are the five historical personalities pursuing the idea of Europe?

A

a) Charlemagne (Charles the Great)
b) Charles V (Holy Roman Emperor)
c) Napoleon Bonaparte
d) Metternich
e) Hitler

85
Q

He united majority of western and central Europe

A

Charles the Great or Charlemagne

86
Q

He is considered to be the father of Europe

A

Charles the Great or Charlemagne

87
Q

Where did the first Pan-European Congress happened?

A

Vienna

88
Q

His reign encompassed both the long-lasting Spanish and short-lived German colonisations of the Americas

A

Charles V

89
Q

Who are the five historical personalities pursuing the idea of Europe?

A

a) Charlemagne (Charles the Great)
b) Charles V (Holy Roman Emperor)
c) Napoleon Bonaparte
d) Metternich
e) Hitler

90
Q

He united majority of western and central Europe

A

Charles the Great or Charlemagne

91
Q

He is considered to be the father of Europe

A

Charles the Great or Charlemagne

92
Q

“The empire on which the sun never sets”

A

Charles V

93
Q

He published The United States of Europe in 1931

A

Eduoard Herriot

94
Q

The personal union of European and American territories of Charles V was the first collection of realms labelled as __________

A

“The empire on which the sun never sets.”

95
Q

What is in the European Question?

A

The mutual hate of the Europeans that poisons the atmosphere

96
Q

It was an embargo of British goods in the interests of the French hegemony.

A

Napoleon’s Continental System

97
Q

“Europe thus divided into nationalities, freely formed and free internally, peace between states would have been easier: the United States of Europe would become a possibility”

A

Napoleon Bonaparte

98
Q

Where did Napoleon had this conversation “Europe thus divided into nationalities, freely formed and free internally, peace between states would have been easier: the United States of Europe would become a possibility”?

A

St. Helena

99
Q

When was the French Empire greatest extent?

A

1812

100
Q

When did the collapse of Napoleon’s empire happened?

A

1815

101
Q

What sort of bond should exist between the nations geographically gathered as Europe?

A

Federal Bond

102
Q

What were the three important impact of the second world war on the history of cooperation?

A

a) European’s awareness of their own weakness which put a definitive end to the traditional hegemony in the world
b) Necessity to avoid coming back to confrontation among European states
c) many Europeans wanted to create a freer, fairer and more prosperous continent

103
Q

He is the leader of the Nazi party?

A

Hitler

104
Q

Who are the four intellectuals and philosophers in the European Integration Process before WWII?

A

a) Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz
b) Jean Jacques Rousseau
c) Immanuel Kant
d) Karl Marx

105
Q

How did the two world wars begin?

A

European civil wars

106
Q

The Social Contract

A

Jean Jacques Rousseau

107
Q

Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch

A

Immanuel Kant

108
Q

The Communist Manifesto

A

Karl Marx

109
Q

He founded the Pan-European Movement

A

Count Coudenhove Kalergi

110
Q

When did Count Coudenhove founded the Pan-European Movement?

A

1923

111
Q

Where did the first Pan-European Congress happened?

A

Vienna

112
Q

What was reinforced in the European Defence Community?

A

It implies a strong military and political integration

113
Q

He served eleven terms as the Prime Minister of France

A

Aristide Briand

114
Q

What organisation asked Briand to present a memorandum with a detailed project?

A

League of Nations

115
Q

When did Briand submitted the memorandum?

A

1930

116
Q

What was the effect of the economic depression during Briand’s time?

A

It begun to sweep away the ideas of solidarity and cooperation in international relations

117
Q

What was signed during the Concord years?

A

Locarno Treaty and the Pact Briand Kellog

118
Q

Who are the two important people in the Schuman Declaration to the Treaty of Rome?

A

Jean Monnet and Robert Schuman

119
Q

What was the biggest obstacle to the accomplishment of the United States of Europe?

A

The one-thousand-year-old rivalry between two most populated nations of pan-Europe, Germany and France

120
Q

What was the effect of the rise of Adolf Hitler to the post of German chancellery in 1933?

A

a) the definitive end of the European harmony

b) rebirth of the monster of nationalism in its worst form

121
Q

Whose opinions were consulted in the United States of Europe by Eduoard Herriot?

A

a) countries of the continent

b) Great Britain

122
Q

Where does the association mainly take place according to the speech of Briand on Geneva (Sept 5, 1929)?

A

In the economic domain

123
Q

What sort of bond should exist between the nations geographically gathered as Europe?

A

Federal Bond

124
Q

EURATOM

A

European Atomic Energy Community

125
Q

What countries were the new two superpowers?

A

United States and Soviet Union

126
Q

Because of the European integration, ___ was guaranteed

A

Peace

127
Q

How did the two world wars began?

A

European civil wars

128
Q

What was the official name of the Marshall Plan?

A

European Recovery Program

129
Q

What are the two objects of the Marshall Plan?

A

a) to foster economic development in a destroyed Europe

b) to impede the extension of communism

130
Q

What is Benelux?

A

It is the customs union of Belgium, the Netherlands

131
Q

In what year was NATO founded?

A

1949

132
Q

What was the goal of the Council of Europe?

A

To incite political cooperation among European countries

133
Q

When was Western European Union founded?

A

1954

134
Q

What was reinforced in the European Defence Community?

A

It implies a strong military and political integration

135
Q

What was the proposal of the French government to be taken immediately to eliminate the age-old opposition of France and Germany?

A

Franco-German production of coal and steel be placed under a common High Authority within the framework of an organisation open to the participation of the other countries of Europe.

136
Q

What was the preamble of the treaty that allowed the establishment of the EEC?

A

Determine to lay the foundations of an ever-closer union among the people of Europe

137
Q

What was formed in the Treaty of Rome?

A

The Treaty of Rome brought about the creation of the European Economic Community

138
Q

What were the countries brought together by the Treaty of Rome?

A

Belgium, France, Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, Luxembourg

139
Q

What was established in the Treaty of Paris?

A

European Coal and Steel Community

140
Q

What is the goal of the Community Agricultual Policy?

A

a) guarantee sufficient resources to European farmers

b) avoid competition from third countries’ products by guaranteeing agricultural prices

141
Q

True or False

Economic Integration was the only practical way to achieve political union

A

True

142
Q

What does the failure of the European Defence Community tell us?

A

The political and military union was still a utopian objective

143
Q

Who presided over the conference in Messina (Italy) in 1955?

A

Paul Henri Spaak

144
Q

When was the exact date of the European construction?

A

March 25, 1957

145
Q

What was the result of the conference in Messina (Italy)?

A

a) signed the Treaties of Rome
b) established the European Economic Community
c) established the European Atomic Energy Community

146
Q

EURATOM

A

European Atomic Energy Community

147
Q

Who signed in behalf of France in the Treaty of Rome?

A

Christian Pineau

148
Q

Who signed for Netherlands in the Treaty of Rome?

A

Joseph Luns

149
Q

Who signed for Belgium in the Treaty of Rome?

A

Paul Henri Spaak

150
Q

Who signed for Luxembourg in the Treaty of Rome?

A

Joseph Bach

151
Q

Who signed for Italy in the Treaty of Rome?

A

Antonio Segni

152
Q

Who signed for Germany in the Treaty of Rome?

A

Konrad Adenauer

153
Q

When did the full implementation of the Treaty of Rome took place?

A

Januray 1, 1958

154
Q

Who ratified the treaties signed during the conference in Messini?

A

The National Parliament

155
Q

EAGGF

A

European Agricultual Guidance and Guarantee Fund

156
Q

Is EEC a customs union?

A

Yes

157
Q

It is known as the Common Market

A

European Economic Community

158
Q

CAP

A

Common Agricultural Policy

159
Q

What was the goal of the common market?

A

a) abrogate the tariffs among EEC states
b) establishment of a common tariff from all products coming from third countries
c) free circulation of goods

160
Q

It is a free market of agricultural products inside the protectionist policies

A

Community Agricultural Policy

161
Q

What is the goal of the Community Agricultual Policy?

A

a) guarantee sufficient resources to European farmers

b) avoid competition from third countries’ products by guaranteeing agricultural prices

162
Q

When was the Single European Act?

A

1987

163
Q

This was a definitive boost to establish a genuine unified market

A

Single European Act

164
Q

When was the European Union Treaty

A

1992

165
Q

What was established in order to finance the the Common Agircultural Policy?

A

European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund

166
Q

When was EAGGF established?

A

1962

167
Q

It meant the free circulation of goods

A

Common Market

168
Q

What are the other three policies included in the Treaty of Rome?

A

a) prohibition of monopolies
b) transport common policies
c) grant of some commercial privileges to colonial member states

169
Q

A realistic and gradual approach to building the European union was personified by __________

A

Jean Monnet

170
Q

How was the new strategy by Jean Monnet different from the method of the EDC?

A

The new strategy adopts a process of integration that gradually incorporated diverse economic sectors that established supranational institutions with increasing political competences.

171
Q

It was later known as European Parliament

A

European Assembly

172
Q

EEC from its birth was based on a series of institutions namely : _______, __________, __________, __________

A

a) European Commission
b) European Assembly (European Parliament)
c) Court of Justice
d) Economic and Social Committee

173
Q

True or False
The process put in motion in which a progressive economic integration paved the way for a political union in the long run

A

True

174
Q

1951

A

European Coal and Steel Community

175
Q

1957

A

Treaty of Rome
European Economic Community
European Atomic Energy Community

176
Q

1965

A

Merger Treaty (merges the administrative and legislative bodies of the 3 European communities

177
Q

1986

A

Single European Act

178
Q

1992

A

Treaty of Maastricht

179
Q

1997

A

Treaty of Amsterdam

180
Q

2001

A

Treaty of Nice

181
Q

2007

A

Treaty of Lisbon

182
Q

What was created under Brussels Treaty?

A

Western Union Defence Organisation

183
Q

What was created under Paris Treaty?

A

European Coal and Steel Community

184
Q

What treaty changed WUDO to WEU?

A

Modified Brussels Treaty

185
Q

What are the three pillars of European Union?

A

European Community (Supranational)
Common Foreign and Security Policy (Intergovernmental)
Justice and Home Affairs (Intergovernmental)

186
Q

TREVI

A

Terrorism, Radicalism, Extremism and Violence Internationally

187
Q

What was created under the Single European Act?

A

European Political Cooperation

188
Q

What year was the Schengen Treaty created?

A

1985

189
Q

What was created under the Maastricht Treaty?

A

Justice and Home Affairs (JHA)

Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)

190
Q

When was the Modified Brussels Treaty implemented?

A

1955

History and Structure of European Union (2 decks)

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