History of IHL

Question 1

Which treaty marked the end of the 30 years war?

Answer 1

Peace of Westphalia 1648 (cornerstone of international law)

Question 2

What did the Lieber Code (1863) regulate?

Answer 2

rules how to treat enemy forces and civilians for union soldiers in the American civil war

Question 3

When was the ICRC established?

Answer 3

1863

Question 4

What was regulated in the first Geneva Convention?

Answer 4

Obligation to care for wounded soldiers without distinction

Question 5

When was the first Geneva Convention created?

Answer 5

1864

Question 6

Name the years of the two Hague Conventions

Answer 6

1899 and 1907

Question 7

What were Kants ideas about war?

Answer 7

Outlaw it completely

Question 8

What rules were included in the “Hague regulations”?

Answer 8

first set of rules regulating how war is to be conducted, which rules of war were applicable -> still relevant because they are considered as a source of customary international law

Question 9

What did the Martens Clause say (roughly)

Answer 9

we cannot agree on everything. If aspects that are not Regulator, look at what civilized people do, laws of humanity

Question 10

What was a consequence of WWI regarding warfare?

Answer 10

1925 Geneva Protocol outlawed use of chemical weapons

Question 11

What was the consequence of WWII regarding IHL?

Answer 11

1949 Geneva Conventions - protective rules e.g. treatment of prisoners

Question 12

Why were the two additional protocols drafted?

Answer 12

Because of new forms of warfare (e.g. guerilla); vietnam war, anti-colonial struggles

Question 13

When were the Addtional Protocols drafted?

Answer 13

1977

Question 14

Why did they make 4 Geneva Conventions in the same year instead of one big one?

Answer 14

One for each topic