History of Caskets Flashcards
mats, skins, wooden, and earthenware baskets are examples of ____
early burial receptacles
in the ____ coffins were influenced by resources, economic status, war, famine, pestilence, and natural disasters
17th and 18th centuries
in the ____ carpenters and cabinet makers also became coffin makers
1800’s
early American coffins were typically made of ____
hardwood or pine
during the ____ the “old fashioned” coffin transformed into the modern casket and casket shops emerged
19th century
in 1836 the first U.S. patent was given to ____ of Richmond, VA for his “metallic coffin”
James Gray
early 19th century coffins were often ____ because of the concern with grave robbers.
cast & wrought iron
at approximately 1848 ____ developed an air-tight metal coffin to not only protect but to also preserve the body
Almond D. Fisk
The ____ Co, of Cincinnati, OH, est. 1853 till 1974 is credited with the earliest development of the metallic casket
Crane & Breed
coffins made of ____ were used at one time to help prevent decomposition
lead
a ____ is anthropoid in shape, typically made of wood with a removable lid, and does not offer much protection
coffin
a ____ is rectangular shape, typically made of wood, metal, or fiberglass with a hinged lid, and its more elaborate design is intended for interment, entombment, and
cremation
casket
a case or receptacle in which human remains are placed for protection, practical utility, and a suitable memory picture; and any box or container of one or more parts in which a dead human body is placed prior to interment, entombment or cremation which may or may not be permanently interred, entombed or cremated with the dead human remains
casket
a non-metal receptacle or enclosure, without ornamentation or a fixed interior lining; can be made of cardboard, pressed wood, composition material, canvas, or other materials
alternative container
grave robbers were also nicknamed ____
resurrectionists
in 1843 ____ of Baltimore, MD began developing new and useful improvements to coffins which were designed to alert people of live burials or disturbance of the grave
Christian Eisenbrandt
____ came about due to fear of live burials and grave robbers; they were designed with wires, pins, springs, bells, guns, and other devices to alert people that the occupant was alive or that the grave was being disturbed
life signals
casket which houses an alternative container which is then removed and the shell of the casket is used again
rental / ceremonial casket
casket which is comprised of <5% chlorinated plastic by total weight
cremation casket
casket which is completely biodegradable and environmentally safe
green casket
casket which is designed to be interred or entombed
burial casket
formed with iron
ferrous
three gauges which metal caskets can be made from
16, 18, 20
stainless steel can come in either ____ or ____
300 or 400 series
____ when closed properly will resist the
entrance of outside elements
gasketed caskets
____ are not intended to resist the entrance of outside elements
non-gasketed caskets
type of stainless steel that can attract a magnet
ferritic / 400 series
basic grade of stainless steel containing chromium and no nickel
ferritic stainless steel / 400 series or 409
better grade of stainless steel containing chromium and nickel
austenitic stainless steel / 300 series or 304
copper & bronze are sold in ____ and ____ per square foot
32oz & 48oz
____ is a natural earth element used to make caskets which are extremely durable and naturally resistant to rust and corrosion
copper
the finest and most expensive caskets are made of ____
bronze
bronze is a metal alloy consisting of ____
90% copper with tin and sometimes zinc making up the other 10%
copper metal rolled into sheets
wrought copper
____ possesses greater durability and strength than copper and will not rust
bronze
a casket made from a core of copper metal to which copper ions are deposited by an electrolytic process which forms a seamless unit
copper deposit
bronze metal rolled into sheets
wrought bronze
molten bronze poured into a mold and allowed to cool
cast bronze
3 types of wood caskets
solid hardwood, softwood, wood laminate
____ come from deciduous trees or leaf-bearing trees
hardwoods (angiosperms)
____ come from coniferous trees or
cone-bearing trees
softwoods (gymnosperms)
ash, birch, cherry, mahogany, maple, oak, poplar, and walnut are examples of ____
hardwoods
wood caskets require ____ to ____ board-feet of lumber
130 to 150
a ____ is a unit of dimensional measurement, equal to a piece of lumber 12” square & 1” thick
board-foot
