History of Atomic Structure Flashcards
It took more than _____ years before the ancient idea about the atom became a theory.
Scientists have relied on early ideas and used them as their guide and reference for their own studies.
2,000
• _______’s Atomic Theory
• Joseph John Thompson’ _____
• Ernest _________’s Model
• _____ ______’s Model
• Neils ______ and Arnold __________’s Model
• Dalton’s Atomic Theory
• Joseph John Thompson’ Model
• Ernest Rutherford’s Model
• Neils Bohr’s Model
• Neils Bohr and Arnold Sommerfeld’s Model
proposed his theory of matter in 1803. He pictured the atom as a solid, indestructible sphere with a mass that is like a billiard ball.
John Dalton
what year did John Dalton propose his theory of matter?
1803
was an English chemist, physicist and meteorologist who conducted ground-breaking research into color blindness.
John Dalton
1766 - 1844
He was the one whom discovered that Dalton’s atomic model was not accurate. after a series of investigations.
JJ Thomson
1856 - 1940
He was able to discover negatively charged particles known as electrons using a cathode ray tube.
JJ Thomson
1856 - 1940
A British physicist, was a Nobel Prize recipient. He was responsible for discovering the first electron.
JJ Thomson
1856 - 1940
because of the discovery of the nucleus, His work was known as the Nuclear Model of an Atom.
Ernest Rutherford
1871 - 1937
He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1908 for his theory of atomic structure.
Ernest Rutherford
1871 - 1937
When did Ernest Rutherford awarded the Nobel Prize for his theory of atomic structure?
1908
showed that atoms are mostly empty space, with the positive charge concentrated in a nucleus.
Ernest Rutherford’s gold foil experiment
After reviewing Rutherford’s theory, He adapted Planck’s theory to Rutherford’s model of the atom.
Neils Bohr
1885 - 1962
TRUE OR FALSE
The Rutherford model had orbiting electrons moving around the massive nucleus of the atom.
TRUE
was a German theoretical physicist who pioneered developments in atomic and quantum physics, and also educated and mentored many students for the new era of theoretical physics.
Arnold Johannes Wilhelm Sommerfeld
1868 - 1951
They expanded their studies to enhance Bohr’s model of
an atom.
Bohr and Sommerfeld
He pointed out three refinements in Bohr’s Atom.
Sommerfeld
What were the three refinements Sommerfeld pointed out in Bohr’s Atom?
• The introduction of elliptical orbits.
• Allowance for an orbiting motion of the electrons.
• The consideration of relativistic mass effects.
What are the COMPONENTS OF AN ATOM? / THE SUBATOMIC PARTICLES?
Proton
Neutron
Electron
has an electric charge of positive one (+1), and it is said to be stable by itself.
PROTON
It is a fairly heavy particle and resides in the dense nucleus of an atom
PROTON
has no net electric charge. Both proton and neutron make up the nucleus of an atom.
NEUTRON
Almost all of the mass in an atom comprised the protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
NEUTRON
has an electric charge of a negative one (-1).
ELECTRON
are much smaller than neutrons and protons.
ELECTRON
They are found revolving somewhere outside the nucleus since its mass is 1/1,837 of the mass of the proton.
ELECTRON
is whole, but its various components and sub-systems are
dependent on each other for existence and function.
An atom
cannot exist without its components; likewise, a component cannot exist without the sthers.
An atom
The number of protons in an atom indicates what _____ an atom is.
element
The number of electron is _____ to the number of protons.
equal
If electrons are removed from or added to a neutral atom, the same _____ will become a charged particle, and then ____ will be formed.
element, ion
the ion with the positive charge, is formed when the electron is removed from an atom.
Cation,
the ion with the negative charge, is formed when an electron is added to an atom.
Anion,
Each element has a distinctive number of ______. This unique atomic number serves as the _______ _____ of the element
protons
numeric identity
The sum of the
numbers of protons and neutrons in an atom gives the ______ ____ ____ ______ or its mass number.
mass of the atom
_______ of the same element may have the same atomic number, but the atomic mass may differ. These kinds of atoms are known as ______.?
Atoms
isotopes
FOR A NEUTRAL ATOM:
Proton = _______ = Atomic Number
Electron
Mass number = ________ + ________
Protons + Neutrons
Neutron = __________ - _______
Mass number - Atomic number
