History of ABA Flashcards
Empiricism
Theory that knowledge derives from sensory experience
Law of Effect
Behaviors followed by pleasant consequences are likely to be repeated. Behaviors followed by unpleasant consequences are not likely to be repeated
Classical Conditioning
Learning process in which a neutral stimulus(NS) becomes a conditioned stimulus(CS) through repeated pairing with an unconditioned stimulus(US)
Stimulus
Any environmental events that elicits a behavioral response
Unconditioned Stimulus(US)
A stimulus that elicits a reflexive response
Conditioned Stimulus(CS)
A preciously neutral stimulus that takes on the eliciting properties of an unconditioned stimulus
Neutral Stimulus(NS)
A stimulus that does not elicit the response of interest
Reflex
An automatic response to an unconditioned stimulus that occurs in all members of a species Also called an unconditioned response
Generalization
Conditioned responding that happens with novel neutral stimuli that was never paired with other conditioned or unconditioned stimuli
Operant Conditioning
Responding is conditioned through manipulation of consequences according to the law of effect
Three-Term Contingency
Behavior is explained by analyzing I according to the antecedent stimuli and the consequences that follow(antecedent-behavior-consequence)
Reinforcers
Desired consequences that result in repetition of the behavior that led to them
Punishers
undesirable consequences that result in decreases in the behavior that led to them
Operant
The basic unit of behavior
Radical Behaviorism
A school of behaviorism that views behavior as a natural event resulting exclusively from interactions with the environment
ABC Recording
A method of descriptive data collection in which the antecedents and consequences surrounding a behavior of interest are recorded
Motivating Operation
An event or condition that alters the value of consequences and the probability of behaviors that have been preciously associated with such consequences M.O’s may be categorized as establishing or abolishing
Single Subject Design
Research Method in which treatment effectiveness is shown by demonstrating change from one condition to the next in an individual or small group
Token Economy
A system of behavior change in which desired behaviors are reinforced with tokens. which can be accumulated and exchanged for other reinforcemers
Positive Behavior Support
An approach to supporting people who have challenging behavior that utilizes applied behavior analysis aligned with the values of normalization and person-centered care
Functional Analysis
Direct form of functional behavior Assessment in which antecedents and consequences are systematically tested to determine the controlling variables of a specific target behavior
Functional Communication Training
A differential reinforcement technique that teaches the person to engage in communicative responses as a replacement for problem behavior
Delay/Denial Tolerance
A component of functional communication Training that teaches the learner to first accept delays in receiving requested items/activities then to accept denials without displaying problem behavior
