History of a Medicine and Pharmacy:Chapter 1 Flashcards
A third-generation physician ; believed life consisted of a balance of four elements linked to qualities of good health :wet,dry,hot, cold
Hippocrates
A cut made into a skull to give disease a portal through which to leave
Trephining
Illnesses resulted in imbalance of four humors
Blood:air
Phlegm:water
Yellow bile=fire
Black bile=earth
Treatment to rebalance the humors
Bloodletting and laxatives
What were Hippocrates responsible for?
Advancements in medicine which included the effects of food and climate . Were the first to record patients medical illnesses. They also promoted being kind to the patient, rest, and eating light foods.
The documentation of Hippocrates’ writings
Corpus Hippocratum
What is a Hippocratic Oath?
When , “Doctors act Only for the good of their patients and keep confidential what they learn about their parents.”
A Greek Philosopher and Scientist that was responsible for many advancements in biology and medicine. He studied and classified organisms various organisms. Described human anatomy from observations after dissecting animals
Aristotle
Who is Claudius Galen ?
Followed many of Hippocrates beliefs, such as eating a balanced diet , exercises , and good hygiene.
Contributed greatly to study of medicine
Wrote on topics such as physiology , anatomy , pathology , diagnosis, pharmacology.
A philosopher and alchemist.
Refined and explained the importance of the experimental methods(really important in clinical)
Roger Bacon
Swiss Physician and alchemist who believed in treating illnesses with one medication at a time
Produced mat nontoxic medications
Introduced laudanum , a popular tonic to deaden pain
Paracelsus
Multiple mixtures of plants , roots, and other concoctions.
Belief held that digesting the type of plant resembling organ affected by the disease cured the illness
Prevalent treatments
Used to lessen the excess bodily fluids that were thought to cause illness.
Also used as a preventive measure
Involved leeches or venesection
Bloodletting
What were some early American Remedies?
Note:these remedies have a average life expectancy of 40 years
Cinchona bark(quinine ) :used to treat malaria Mercury -syphilis (very toxic and caused deaths)
Most popular tonic for medicinal use;very addictive
Given as a sedative to dull the sensation of pain
During the civil war used to treat painful wounds
Opium and Alcohol
