History Nazism Theme 1

Question 1

What happened on the 10th of November 1918?

Answer 1

Ebert -Groenor Pact

Question 2

When was the Spartacist Uprising?

Answer 2

5th January 1919 until the 12th

Question 3

Why did the Spartacist Uprising happen?

Answer 3

Ebert-Groenor Pact - people unhappy with president making deal with right wing military

Question 4

What is lebensraum?

Answer 4

Living space

Question 5

What is volksgemeinschaft?

Answer 5

Peoples community

Question 6

Who were the Mittelstand?

Answer 6

Lower middle classed (craftsmen)

Question 7

What is a plebiscite?

Answer 7

A vote or referendum

Question 8

What were the October reforms?
What 2 ideas were created?

Answer 8

Recommendations by Ludendorff that ended autocratic rule
Armed forces put under governments control, appointing Max of Baden as Chancellor

Question 9

What was the Peace Note?

Answer 9

A letter from Prince max to President Wilson in October asking for an armistice

Question 10

How did this impact sailors?

Answer 10

Soldiers and sailors lost respect for officers, beginning the mutiny.

Question 11

What actions did SPD take during november revolution?

Answer 11

9th November, SPD called workers to join a strike against the Kaiser
Threatened to withdraw support from Prince Max’s government

Question 12

How did Prince Max react to the SPD

Answer 12

announed abdication, and resigned himself

Question 13

Who gained role of CHancellor from Prince Max

Answer 13

Friedrich Ebert, leader of the SPD

Question 14

What was the Ebert-Groenor Pact

Answer 14

Army would support government, if Ebert would resit demands of soldier’s councils to democratise army

Question 15

3 strengths of constitution

Answer 15

provided wider right to vote
system of proportional representation
full democracy in local government
clearly set out rights of the individual
referendums could be called by the president, rightstrat or by peopl’s request

Question 16

Weakness of the constitution

Answer 16

Coalition governments
presidential decrees
survival of undemocratic institutions
article 48
side effects of proportional representation

Question 17

Who became commander in chief of the army in 1920

Answer 17

General Hans von Seeckt

Question 18

What was article 48

Answer 18

The power of the president to rule by decree in exceptional circumstances

Question 19

millitary restrictions under tov

Answer 19

100 000 men in army
navy limited to 15 000
no air force
conscription banned
Rhineland demilitarised

Question 20

What is Article 231

Answer 20

Germany had to accept responsibility for starting the war and they were liable to pay reparations

Question 21

What was humiliating about the treaty

Answer 21

exclusion from LoN
War guilt clause
denied national self determination
high amout of reparations

Question 22

Why did Scheidemann resign?

Answer 22

Signing of the Treaty

Question 23

How did the SPD react to the treaty?

Answer 23

Believed it was best to comply,
some former supporters of the Republic turned against it due to the humiliation

Question 24

What did the right wing name those who signed the treaty

Answer 24

November criminals

Question 25

What myth did Ludendorff create?

Answer 25

‘stab in the back’ myth

Question 26

Who were the Freikorps?

Answer 26

Soldiers cut from the army who were unwilling to adjust to civilian life

Question 27

How did the British react to the peace treaty?

Answer 27

Public satisfied that Germany couldnt disrupt European peace
Lloyd George believed that Germany should not be so weak

Question 28

How did France react to the treaty?

Answer 28

Believed it was too leniant
Felt as if France suffered the most

Question 29

How did the US react to the Treaty

Answer 29

Felt the treaty was very unfair
bekueved brtain and france were trying to enrich themselves
cased the usa to refuse to join the league of nations

Question 30

Why did Germany finance war by printing more money?

Answer 30

They believed they would win the war and enforce high reparations on their enemies

Question 31

How much debt did Weimar face in 1919?

Answer 31

1.5 billion marks

Question 32

Why did the Republic not increase taxes or reduce spending?

Answer 32

Alientated support for republic as anti republics would claim the tax is for reparations
civil servants needed to be paid and they didnt want to make them redundant

Question 33

Germany’s unemployment in 1921?

Answer 33

1.8% - Britain was at 17%

Question 34

When did the French-Belgian troops occupy the Ruhr and why?

Answer 34

January 1923 - because Germany fell behind in payments of reparations to france in the form of coal

Question 35

How did Chancellor Cuno respond to the occupation of the ruhr?

Answer 35

Stopped paying reparations
ordered passive resistance
paramilitary groups to sabotage the french

Question 36

How many germans were expelled from the Ruhr or shot by the French?

Answer 36

150 000 expelled
132 shot and killed

Question 37

How did the Ruhr occupation lead to hyperinflation?

Answer 37

Paying wages or providing goods for striking workers drained government finances
tax revenue lost from closed businesses and unemployment
Shortages of goods pushed prices up
Germany had to import coal and pay for it from limited foreign currency reserves

Question 38

What was the effect of rising food prices?

Answer 38

There were food shortages as supplies were hoarded
breakdown of law and order as there were food riots
gangs began to steal from farmers
people bartered their possessions in exchange for vital supplies

Question 39

What were some weimar reforms made for social welfare ad employment rights

Answer 39

law passed limiting the working day to a maximum of 8 hours
state health insurance system extended from employed workers to wives daughters and the disabled
aid for war veterans incapable of of working because of injuries
aid for war widows and orphans
national youth welfare act required local authorities to set up youth offices for child protection and a right to education

Question 40

Who were the winners of hyperinflation

Answer 40

People in debt, most farmers, black marketeers and renters

Question 41

Who were the losers of hyperinflation?

Answer 41

Widows landlords artisans pensioners and small business owners
unskilled workers and the sick

Question 42

Why was it difficult to form a stable weimar coalition

Answer 42

no party would ever have a majority due to the number of parties in the reichstag
framentation of political parties became more pronounced as german society became more divided
burden placed on moderate paries as they were blamed for problems

Question 43

How many coalitions and chancellers were there february 1919 - november 1923?

Answer 43

10 coalition cabinets and 8 chancellors

Question 44

what were the names of the chancellors in order - and an issue they faced?

Answer 44

Scheidemann ToV
Baur Kapp Putch
Muller Poor election results
Fehrenbach Reparations payment fault
Wirth More uprisings
Cuno Economic Crisis Ruhr
Stressemann SPD left his coalition

Question 45

When was the Spartacist uprising?

Answer 45

January 1919

Question 46

What were the aims of the Spartacist uprising?

Answer 46

Establishing a communist regime

Question 47

What risk did continued working class rebellion have for the Republic?

Answer 47

Fear of a red revolution that caused the middle class to support right wing

Question 48

How many assassinations in 1919-1923

Answer 48

Nearly 400

Question 49

When was the Beer Hall Putsch

Answer 49

November 1923

Question 50

Why did the Putsch fail?

Answer 50

Support of Kahr and Lossow lost overnight and SA unable to gain control over Munich army barracks