History Mid Term

Question 1

Three Important scientist during the Scientific Revolution

Answer 1

Newton- theory of gravity
Copernicus-Sun is center of the universe, heliocentric theory
Galieo- astronomical telescope

Question 2

Two scientist who used scientific method to solve problems

Answer 2

Franics Bacon

Rene Descartes

Question 3

Divine Right

Answer 3

Authority to rule directly from god

Question 4

Absolute Monarchy

Answer 4

Complete control over people & goverment

Question 5

Absolute Absolutism

Answer 5

Europe- agge of powerful absolute monarchs who built strong centralized nation states

Question 6

Which absolute monarch was determined to modernize/westernize his country

Answer 6

Peter the Great of Russia

Question 7

What did John Locke mean by “natural rights”

Answer 7

right to life, liberty, rights from birth

Question 8

Attitude during Renaissance and Enlightenment

Answer 8

questioning spirt, through logic and reason. people could solve every problem

Question 9

The constitution of the US was most influenced by the ideas of which Enlightenment Philosopher?

Answer 9

John Locke

Question 10

Enlightenment philosophers feelings about divine right?

Answer 10

AGAINST IT

Question 11

How did enlightenment philosophy encourage later political revolutions?

Answer 11

Challenged people to think in new ways.

Question 12

Lives of peasants during Enlightenment

Answer 12

Lives were not effected very much

Question 13

Reasons Britain became a global power in 1700s

Answer 13

Geography

Question 14

3 social classes in France

Answer 14

First estate- Clergy .5% population 10% of land
Second Estate- nobles 1.5% population 20% land
3rd Estate- Peasants 98%population 70% land

Question 15

Who is Robespierre and what was the Reign of Terror?

Answer 15

Chief architech during French Revolution. Reign of Terror-40,000 people excuted

Question 16

Feelings of all three French Social Classes toward Napoleon

Answer 16

Supported through all classes

Question 17

System of Social Hierarchy

Answer 17

Peninsulared-spanish born Creoles- European descended Latin Americans Mestizos-Native American Mutattoes-African

Question 18

Industrial Revolution Leader James Hargreaves

Answer 18

spinning jenny

Question 19

Industrial Revolution Leader James Watts

Answer 19

IMPROVED steam engine

Question 20

Industrial Revolution Leader Robert Fulton

Answer 20

used Watts engine to power steam boat

Question 21

Industrial Revolution Leader Thomas Newcomen

Answer 21

Steam engine powered by coal

Question 22

Why did prices of goods lower as a result of the Industrial Revolution

Answer 22

Assembly line made production faster and cheaper

Question 23

What is Socialism?

Answer 23

People as a whole, own and operate things.

Question 24

What is Communism?

Answer 24

Form of socialism that see’s class struggles between employers and employees as unaviodable

Question 25

Economic Policy "Laissez Faire"

Answer 25

Believed government should not interfere with free operations of the economy "hands off"

Question 26

Nationalism

Answer 26

Pride in your country

Question 27

Why was Germanys unification so successful?

Answer 27

The German Chancellor Otto had strong will, and practiced realistic politics based on the needs of the state, strengthened the army

Question 28

Greatest Motive for Europeans to gain colonies

Answer 28

Economic reasons

Question 29

How did Imperialism benefit the economies of colonial powers?

Answer 29

Colonies were a source of raw materials and cheap labor and provided a cheap market for finished goods

Question 30

Opium War effecting China

Answer 30

China lost war. Treaty of Nanjing forced China to open freeports for foreign trade

Question 31

Impact of the Meiji Restoration on Japans economy

Answer 31

japan adopted westernized methods

Question 32

BEFORE WW1 what was the name of the Balkan region and why?

Answer 32

Powder Keg- explosion that helped set off WW1. Ruled by Ottoman Empire

Question 33

What event in the Balkans ignited the beginning of WW1?

Answer 33

Assanation of archduke and his wife by serbian terrorist Gaurilo Princip

Question 34

4 types of weapons technology used in WW1

Answer 34

1. poison gas 2.air planes 3. automatic machine guns 4. submarines

Question 35

How did results of WW1 influence the world veiw of the US and Japan

Answer 35

The US and Japan emerged as important powers

Question 36

Why did the US get involved with WW1

Answer 36

sinking of their submarines

Question 37

Causes of WW1

Answer 37

``` M militarism (long term) build up of army A alliances (short term) Nationalism (long term) Imperialism-(long term) build up of colonies Agression/Assination (short term) Crisis (short term) ```

Question 38

WW1 central powers

Answer 38

Austria Hungry Germany Ottoman empire (Italy)

Question 39

WW1 Allies

Answer 39

Britain France Russia US (Italy starting in 1915)