History Mid-Term Flashcards
In 1884, 14 European countries met to discuss the division of Africa at the -
Berlin Conference
Which of the following is NOT a reason behind European Imperialism?
Sovereignty
Who was NOT invited to the Berlin Conference?
Any African state
The ‘White Man’s Burden’ referred to :
Industrialized nations should civilize Africa & Asia
The sepoys were:
Indian soldiers
The Sepoy Mutiny was rebellion against British rule over:
disregard for religion/culture of Indian soldiers
What was the result of the Sepoy Mutiny?
British government took direct control of India
The ‘Jewel in the Crown” of the British Empire referred to:
India
India was referred to as the “Jewel in the Crown” of the British Empire because:
India was Britain’s most valuable territory
Colonies, protectorates, and spheres of influence are all forms of:
Imperialism
The Opium Wars were:
Over England’s import of Opium to China, fought between England & China, and China’s response to British interference.
Members of the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists:
Chinese activists angry about foreign takeover in China
Both the Sepoy Mutiny & The Boxer Rebellion were:
Nationalist rebellions against foreign encroachment
The Suez Canal is a waterway -
in Egypt connecting the Mediterranean & Red Sea
Commodore Matthew Perry, the weakness of Tokugawa Shogunate, and advanced American military technology were all influences on what?
The opening of Japan.
The only free states in Africa by 1914
Liberia and Ethiopia
African group which challenged the power of the British & Boers
Zulu
The ‘Open Door’ policy, proposed by US Secretary of State, John Hay was:
Policy to insure ‘equal commercial access’ to China
What country did Mathew Perry visit, on behalf of the US to open trade?
Japan
Menelik II differed from other 19th-century African leaders because
he managed to maintain his nation’s independence
What was the impact of the Treaty of Nanjing?
Great Britain owned Hong Kong until 1997, Europeans owned more territory in Asia, and Europeans had more control of Asian Markets
Europeans had more control of Asian Markets
a period in history when Japan went from feudal to industrial imperialism
What is another name for the Enlightenment?
The Age of Reason
Who believed that everyone had the right to “Life, Liberty, and Property?”
John Locke
What is the term for the idea that the government should express the will of the people?
Popular Sovereignty
What is a period of time in which reason began to guide people’s thoughts and ideas?
The Enlightenment
____________________ are a set of 3 basic laws that each person has the right to.
Natural Rights
When the people give up their freedom to the government in return for safety, they enter into a
Social Contract
A person who seeks wisdom is known as a:
Philosopher
Which Enlightenment thinker used his writing to make fun of religious intolerance?
Voltaire
What view did thinkers of the Enlightenment share with scientists of the Scientific Revolution?
A belief in reason
Which Enlightenment thinker suggested that the government be separated into 3 equal branches?
Montesquieu
When did the Enlightenment occur?
18th century
Where did the Enlightenment take place?
Europe
What is Divine Right?
The King receives his authority from God
One of the greatest outcomes of the Scientific Revolution was that people began to:
Question traditional opinion and think for themselves
Which argument best fits Mary Wollstonecraft’s ideas?
Women should have equal rights as men
Thomas Jefferson used ideas from the Enlightenment while writing:
Declaration of Independence
A _________ was a social gathering that was held to discuss Enlightenment ideas.
Salon
What is the name of a government in which the power belongs to the people?
Democracy
Who is a social contract between?
People and government
King of France before the Revolution…
Louis XVI
Queen of France before the Revolution?
Marie Antoinette
Which of the following was not a slogan of the French Revolution?
Justice
What food was SO EXPENSIVE that people rioted?
Bread
All of the following were causes of the French Revolution EXCEPT
The rise of Napoleon.
How many Estates made up French Society?
3
Why was the Estates General unfair to the Third Estate?
Each estate only had one vote
Who was in the 1st Estate?
Clergy
Who was in the 2nd Estate?
Nobility
Who was in the 3rd Estate?
Commoners/peasants
About what percent of the population made up the 3rd Estate?
98%
Which Estates had to pay the vast majority of taxes?
3rd estate
The Estates General was…?
A meeting of the 3 estates
Why did Louis XVI call the Estates General meeting in 1789?
He wanted to raise taxes
The Committee on Public Safety was originally set up to
defend France against foreign enemies.
Promise by Third Estate representatives to keep meeting until they limited the King’s power…
Tennis Court Oath
The first French Revolution government was called the…
National Assembley
The National Assembly did this…
Abolished the 3 estates, limited the king’s power, and established equal rights.
A prison that was taken over at the beginning of the French Revolution?
Bastille
Why is the victory at the Bastille symbolic?
The Third Estate beat the King for the first time
Which document stated that “Men are born and remain free and equal in rights”?
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
Why did the other monarchs of Europe threaten to invade France?
To prevent the spread of revolution
The monarchy was abolished by which French Revolution government?
The National Convention
Who was the Dictator of France during the Reign of Terror?
Maximillian Robespierre
Robespierre was in charge of this Committee…
Committee on Public Safety
Machine that could efficiently behead a person?
Guillotine
During the Reign of Terror who was safe from the guillotine?
No one
Name of the third and final French Revolution government…
The Directory
What is a coup d’etat?
Sudden overthrow of the government
The Revolution ended when this General took control, promising to restore the nation.
Napoleon Bonaparte
The Russians defeated Napoleon’s Grand Army by
Scorched Earth Policy
Which of the following led to more workers being available for factory jobs?
19th Century population boom
Why did investment in roads, bridges, and canals become important to the Industrial Revolution?
It made it less expensive to transport goods
Which natural resource, which seemed to have an unlimited supply, powered steam engines?
Coal
Why did the expansion of the coal industry lead to the production of more machinery?
Coal mining led to more iron ore production
Why did Britain become the center of the Industrial Revolution in the last 18th Century?
Cheap raw materials from its colonies, stronger trade routes around the world, and a rise of investments in factories and industry
After 1870, why did the increased use of steel, instead of iron, reinvigorate the Revolution?
Lighter, smaller, faster machines and engines, were used in railways, shipbuilding, armaments, and the building of the first skyscrapers
In 1876, which of the following inventions was created by Alexander Graham Bell?
Telephone
Which invention, created by Marconi, reached from the US east coast to the British west coast?
Long-distance radio
Which invention led to the change from coal to liquid fuels like oil?
Internal combustion engine
Which method of car production, influenced heavily by Henry Ford, was used in the Revolution?
Assembly line production
Which of the following was / were a result(s) of the lower cost of manufactured good?
Start of department stores.
Which 5% of the population controlled 30-40% of all of the wealth?
Wealthy elite
Which class consisted of 80% of the European population, included peasants and laborers?
Working class
Why was there a rise in lifestyle for urban workers after 1870?
They could afford to buy more than just food and housing.
What type(s) of white collar jobs began opening up for women during the Industrial Revolution?
Teachers, sales clerk, and nurses
Nationalism definition
Being a part of a bigger community of like-minded people
What organizations formed as an answer to unsafe working conditions & periods of unemployment?
Labor Unions
Which of the following led to the ability to feed a growing population?
New agricultural methods
Where was the Industrial Revolution thought to have begun?
Britain
What is an armistice?
An agreement to end fighting
What is militarism?
the idea that a great nation must have a trained army ready
Which nation was blamed for all of WWI?
Germany
What was Germany forbidden to build or have?
Submarines, air force, imported weapons
Which nations were excluded from the League of Nations?
Germany and Russia
Name the three main countries who made up the Allied Powers at the start of the War.
France, Russia, and Great Britain
What two nations remained neutral during the War?
Switzerland and Spain
Name three of the main countries who made up the Central Power at the start of the War.
Germany, Ottoman Empire, and Austia-Hungary
New weapon that causes blindness, blisters, and choking.
Poison Gas.
Battle strategy in which soldiers fought from deep pits dug in the earth.
Trench Warfare
The idea of a country taking over a smaller country/territory is known as
Imperialism
European countries all had ______ that would help them fight.
alliances
The belief that your nation is better than every other nation is known as ______
Nationalism
All of the following have historically been considered to be causes of World War I except:
American isolationism
The event that triggered World War I was an assassination that occurred in:
Bosnia
The “Big Four” were the leaders of all of the following nations except for
Germany
Did the United States join the League of Nations
No, even though Wilson came up with it
The immediate cause of World War I was
the assassination of the Archduke of Austria-Hungary
All of the following are reasons the U.S. decided to enter World War I in 1917 EXCEPT:
the French seized American ships headed for Germany
Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the Zimmerman note?
It was “made up” by journalists to help sell papers
Wilson’s goals for peace after the war were outlined in a document known as
the 14 points
Which document imposed punishments on Germany after World War I?
Treaty of Versailles
What was the main goal of the Treaty of Versailles?
Punish and weaken Germany.
President Woodrow Wilson wanted to form the League of Nations to
Prevent future wars
What battle made the Schlieffen Plan impossible for the Germans to accomplish?
Battle of Marne
The Italian Front specifically had conflicts with Italy and
Austria-Hungary
What is propaganda?
The spread of ideas that help one country and hurt another.
What British passenger ship was sunk by a German U-boat
Lusitania
The U.S. involvement in WWI was partly due to its economic and political ties to
Great Britian
The US entered WWI in what year and was on the side of the ____ Powers
1917; Allied
